Summers Simon J, Schabrun Siobhan M, Marinovic Welber, Chipchase Lucy S
Western Sydney University, School of Science and Health, Campbelltown, New South Wales 2751, Australia.
Curtin University, School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
Behav Brain Res. 2017 Mar 30;322(Pt A):42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.01.016. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
Peripheral electrical stimulation (PES) modulates corticomotor excitability but its effect on motor performance has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess whether increases and/or decreases in corticomotor excitability, induced by PES, influenced motor performance using a visuomotor adaptation task. Three PES interventions (motor stimulation, sensory stimulation or sham) were delivered to the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) in 30 healthy participants matched for age, gender and handedness. Motor stimulation was applied to increase corticomotor excitability, sensory stimulation to decrease corticomotor excitability, while sham stimulation acted as a control. Corticomotor excitability was assessed using the amplitude of motor evoked potentials to transcranial magnetic stimulation recorded from FDI before and after each intervention. Following PES, participants completed a visuomotor adaptation task. This required participants to move a cursor accurately towards virtual targets with index finger movements when the cursor trajectory was rotated 30° counter clockwise. Performance was assessed as angular error (a measure of movement accuracy) and reaction time. The rate of visuomotor adaptation was greater following motor PES compared to sham, but not sensory, with no difference observed between sensory and sham. However, visuomotor adaptation performance overall (the total change in performance from beginning to end) was similar across intervention groups. These findings suggest that motor PES applied prior to task acquisition can facilitate the speed of adaptation.
外周电刺激（PES）可调节皮质运动兴奋性，但其对运动表现的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是评估由PES诱导的皮质运动兴奋性的增加和/或降低是否会通过视觉运动适应任务影响运动表现。对30名年龄、性别和利手相匹配的健康参与者的第一背侧骨间肌（FDI）进行了三种PES干预（运动刺激、感觉刺激或假刺激）。施加运动刺激以增加皮质运动兴奋性，感觉刺激以降低皮质运动兴奋性，而假刺激作为对照。在每次干预前后，使用从FDI记录的经颅磁刺激运动诱发电位的幅度来评估皮质运动兴奋性。PES后，参与者完成了视觉运动适应任务。这要求参与者在光标轨迹逆时针旋转30°时，用食指运动将光标准确地移向虚拟目标。将表现评估为角度误差（运动准确性的一种度量）和反应时间。与假刺激相比，运动PES后的视觉运动适应率更高，但与感觉刺激相比则不然，感觉刺激和假刺激之间未观察到差异。然而，各干预组的视觉运动适应表现总体上（从开始到结束表现的总变化）相似。这些发现表明，在任务习得前应用运动PES可以促进适应速度。
