Shen Rui, Suuberg Eric M
School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence RI 02912, USA.
Build Environ. 2016 Feb 1;96:178-187. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.11.015. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
There has, in recent years, been increasing interest in understanding the transport processes of relevance in vapor intrusion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into buildings on contaminated sites. These studies have included fate and transport modeling. Most such models have simplified the prediction of indoor air contaminant vapor concentrations by employing a steady state assumption, which often results in difficulties in reconciling these results with field measurements. This paper focuses on two major factors that may be subject to significant transients in vapor intrusion situations, including the indoor air pressure and the air exchange rate in the subject building. A three-dimensional finite element model was employed with consideration of daily and seasonal variations in these factors. From the results, the variations of indoor air pressure and air exchange rate are seen to contribute to significant variations in indoor air contaminant vapor concentrations. Depending upon the assumptions regarding the variations in these parameters, the results are only sometimes consistent with the reports of several orders of magnitude in indoor air concentration variations from field studies. The results point to the need to examine more carefully the interplay of these factors in order to quantitatively understand the variations in potential indoor air exposures.
近年来，人们对理解挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）从受污染场地向建筑物内进行蒸汽侵入过程中相关的传输过程越来越感兴趣。这些研究包括归宿和传输建模。大多数此类模型通过采用稳态假设简化了室内空气污染物蒸汽浓度的预测，这常常导致难以将这些结果与现场测量结果相协调。本文重点关注在蒸汽侵入情况下可能出现显著瞬变的两个主要因素，包括室内气压和目标建筑物的空气交换率。采用了一个三维有限元模型，并考虑了这些因素的每日和季节性变化。从结果可以看出，室内气压和空气交换率的变化导致室内空气污染物蒸汽浓度出现显著变化。根据关于这些参数变化的假设，结果只是有时与现场研究中室内空气浓度变化几个数量级的报告一致。结果表明需要更仔细地研究这些因素之间的相互作用，以便定量理解潜在室内空气暴露的变化情况。
