Aghayan Seyed Sajjad, Kalalian Mogadam Hamidreza, Fazli Mozhgan, Darban-Sarokhalil Davood, Khoramrooz Seyed Sajjad, Jabalameli Fereshteh, Yaslianifard Somayeh, Mirzaii Mehdi
Department of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch, Damghan, Iran.
Faculty of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2017 Jan-Mar;9(1):2-7.
Related Multidrug Resistance (MDR) to efflux pumps is a significant problem in treating infections caused by (). Plant compounds have been identified as Pump Inhibitors (EPIs). In the current study, the potential effect of Berberine and Palmatine as EPIs were investigated on efflux pump inhibition through focusing on different gene patterns in isolated from burn infections.
All isolates were collected and identified using the standard biochemical tests. Antimicrobial sensitivity was performed based on disk agar diffusion method for 12 antibiotics. MIC-MBC tests were also performed based on the broth microdilution method to detect synergistic relationship between ciprofloxacin, Berberine and Palmatine. Detection of was conducted by PCR assay. Fisher's Exact test and Logistic Regression were used as statistical tools.
A total of 60 isolates were collected. The highest and lowest levels of resistance were found to be respectively against clindamycin and tigecycline. Comparing the MIC with MBC distribution, it was found that Berberine and Palmatine lower the MIC-MBC level of ciprofloxacin. The PCR results indicated that the highest frequency is about MexAB-OprM operon. The statistical analysis among different gene patterns of efflux pumps showed that there were no significant relationships between the effectiveness of Berberine and Palmatine (p>0.05).
It can be speculated that Berberine and Palmatine both act as EPIs and can be used as auxiliary treatments with the purpose of increasing the effect of available antibiotics as well as decreasing the emergence of MDR bacteria. The efficiency of these combinations should be studied further under conditions to have a more comprehensive conclusion regarding this issue.
与外排泵相关的多重耐药性（MDR）是治疗由（）引起的感染中的一个重大问题。植物化合物已被鉴定为泵抑制剂（EPIs）。在本研究中，通过关注从烧伤感染中分离出的（）的不同基因模式，研究了黄连素和巴马汀作为EPIs对外排泵抑制的潜在作用。
所有分离株均通过标准生化试验进行收集和鉴定。基于纸片琼脂扩散法对12种抗生素进行抗菌敏感性检测。还基于肉汤微量稀释法进行MIC-MBC试验，以检测环丙沙星、黄连素和巴马汀之间的协同关系。通过PCR检测（）。使用Fisher精确检验和逻辑回归作为统计工具。
共收集了60株（）分离株。发现对克林霉素和替加环素的耐药水平分别最高和最低。比较MIC与MBC分布，发现黄连素和巴马汀降低了环丙沙星的MIC-MBC水平。PCR结果表明，最高频率约为MexAB-OprM操纵子。外排泵不同基因模式之间的统计分析表明，黄连素和巴马汀的有效性之间没有显著关系（p>0.05）。
可以推测，黄连素和巴马汀均作为EPIs发挥作用，可作为辅助治疗，以提高现有抗生素的疗效并减少多重耐药菌的出现。应在（）条件下进一步研究这些组合的效率，以就该问题得出更全面的结论。
