Siriwanarangsun Palanan, Statum Sheronda, Biswas Reni, Bae Won C, Chung Christine B
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA;; Department of Radiology, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.
Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2016 Dec;6(6):731-743. doi: 10.21037/qims.2016.12.06.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been widely implemented as a non-invasive modality to investigate musculoskeletal (MSK) tissue disease, injury, and pathology. Advancements in MR sequences provide not only enhanced morphologic contrast for soft tissues, but also quantitative biochemical evaluation. Ultrashort time to echo (UTE) sequence, in particular, enables novel morphologic and quantitative evaluation of previously unseen MSK tissues. By using short minimum echo times (TE) below 1 msec, the UTE sequence can unveil short T2 properties of tissues including the deepest layers of the articular cartilage, cartilaginous endplate at the discovertebral junction, the meniscus, and the cortical bone. This article will discuss the application of UTE to evaluate these MSK tissues, starting with tissue structure, MR imaging appearance on standard versus short and ultrashort TE sequences, and provide the range of quantitative MR values found in literature.
磁共振（MR）成像已被广泛用作一种非侵入性手段来研究肌肉骨骼（MSK）组织疾病、损伤和病理状况。MR序列的进步不仅为软组织提供了增强的形态对比，还能进行定量生化评估。特别是超短回波时间（UTE）序列，能够对以前难以观察到的MSK组织进行新的形态学和定量评估。通过使用低于1毫秒的短最小回波时间（TE），UTE序列可以揭示包括关节软骨最深层、椎间盘交界处的软骨终板、半月板和皮质骨等组织的短T2特性。本文将讨论UTE在评估这些MSK组织方面的应用，首先介绍组织结构、在标准与短及超短TE序列上的MR成像表现，并提供文献中发现的定量MR值范围。
