颅骨异位甲状腺癌的临床特征与分子病理学
Clinical characteristics and molecular pathology of skull ectopic thyroid cancer.
作者信息
Cao Longxing, Wang Zhongyong, Ma Jiawei, Chen Jinsheng, Zhu Haojiang, Zhou Xiaohua, Zhu Qing, Dong Jun, Lan Qing, Huang Qiang
机构信息
Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital of Zhangjiagang, Zhangjiagang 215611, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
出版信息
Ann Transl Med. 2016 Dec;4(23):462. doi: 10.21037/atm.2016.12.19.
Thyroid cancer is very common, but skull ectopic thyroid cancer has not been reported in 50 years of literatures in foreign countries. There are only four cases of the skull ectopic thyroid cancer reported in more than 30 years of domestic literature including the cases in this report. This paper aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and possible molecular mechanisms of this rare disease. Five keywords of "thyroid gland", "ectopic thyroid", "thyroid cancer", "ectopic thyroid cancer" and "metastatic thyroid cancer" were included and 50 years of literatures in the PubMed-MEDLINE and Wanfang database were reviewed. By combining the test data of 2 cases of surgical patient tissue microarray specimens-molecular immunology pathology, the possible molecular mechanisms were analyzed and molecular regulation network diagram was drawn. The skull ectopic thyroid cancer has not been reported in 50 years of literatures in foreign countries and there are only four cases of the skull ectopic thyroid cancer reported in more than 30 years of domestic literature including the cases in this report. The molecular expressions of skull ectopic thyroid cancer, orthotopic thyroid cancer, and metastatic thyroid cancer were not the same: (I) AKT (P=0.012, 0.002) and mTOR (P=0.002, 0.004) were highly expressed in the skull ectopic thyroid cancer; (II) BRAF (P=0.029, 0.014) and ERK (P=0.002, 0.001) were highly expressed in orthotopic thyroid cancer; (III) MMP-9 (P=0.023, 0.016) was highly expressed in metastatic thyroid cancer. According to the molecular information base, the is predicted to be a key crossing gene of the above three signaling pathways, which showed no significant differences in these three thyroid cancers (P=0.692, 0.388, 0.227), but has regulation roles in the three signaling pathways of Akt/mTOR, MAPK, and NF-κB. gene is an important starting gene of thyroid cancers. After the canceration starts, due to the fact that the local microenvironments of thyroid cancers in different parts are different, the thyroid cancers are regulated by different signaling pathways. The ectopic thyroid cancer was correlated with Akt/mTOR pathway high expression; orthotopic thyroid was related with MAPK/BRAF/ERK signaling pathway high expression; and the metastatic thyroid cancer was related with NFkB/MMP9 high expression.
甲状腺癌非常常见，但国外50年的文献中尚未报道过颅骨异位甲状腺癌。国内30多年的文献（包括本报告中的病例）仅报道过4例颅骨异位甲状腺癌。本文旨在探讨这种罕见疾病的临床特征及可能的分子机制。检索了PubMed-MEDLINE和万方数据库中50年的文献，纳入了“甲状腺”“异位甲状腺”“甲状腺癌”“异位甲状腺癌”和“转移性甲状腺癌”这5个关键词。结合2例手术患者组织芯片标本的分子免疫病理检测数据，分析可能的分子机制并绘制分子调控网络图。国外50年的文献中未报道过颅骨异位甲状腺癌，国内30多年的文献（包括本报告中的病例）仅报道过4例颅骨异位甲状腺癌。颅骨异位甲状腺癌、原位甲状腺癌和转移性甲状腺癌的分子表达各不相同：（I）AKT（P=0.012，0.002）和mTOR（P=0.002，0.004）在颅骨异位甲状腺癌中高表达；（II）BRAF（P=0.029，0.014）和ERK（P=0.002，0.001）在原位甲状腺癌中高表达；（III）MMP-9（P=0.023，0.016）在转移性甲状腺癌中高表达。根据分子信息库，预测 是上述三条信号通路的关键交叉基因，在这三种甲状腺癌中无显著差异（P=0.692，0.388，0.227），但 在Akt/mTOR、MAPK和NF-κB这三条信号通路中具有调控作用。 基因是甲状腺癌的重要起始基因。癌变开始后，由于不同部位甲状腺癌的局部微环境不同，甲状腺癌受不同信号通路调控。异位甲状腺癌与Akt/mTOR通路高表达相关；原位甲状腺与MAPK/BRAF/ERK信号通路高表达相关；转移性甲状腺癌与NFkB/MMP-9高表达相关。
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