Zhang Chen-Xi, Zhang Gu-Muyang, Ma Nan, Xia Song, Yang Jing-Yuan, Chen You-Xin
Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730; Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2017 Jan 20;130(2):155-159. doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.197994.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible blindness, and awareness of this disease is important in the prevention of blindness. However, lack of public awareness of AMD was shown in previous studies, and there was no report of AMD awareness in the Mainland of China. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the awareness of AMD and its risk factors among Beijing residents in China.
A cross-sectional, computer-assisted, telephone investigation was conducted to measure the awareness of AMD among Beijing residents. All the contacts of potential respondents were randomly generated by computer. Only those above 18 years of age and willing to participate in the study were included. The questionnaire for the study was modified from the AMD Alliance International Global Report. Pearson's Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to identify the factors that affected the knowledge of AMD.
Among 385 Beijing residents who agreed to participate, the awareness of AMD was 6.8%, far below than that of cataract and glaucoma. Participants who were above 30 years of age (odds ratio [OR] 6.17, confidence interval [CI] 1.44-26.57), with experience of health-related work (OR 8.11, CI 3.25-20.27), and whose relatives/friends or themselves suffering from AMD (OR 32.18, CI 11.29-91.68) had better AMD awareness. Among those familiar with AMD, only 35% of them identified smoking as a risk factor, and only 23.1% of the residents believed that smoking could lead to blindness.
The sample of Chinese population had limited knowledge of AMD. Educational programs need to be carried out to raise public awareness of AMD.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是不可逆失明的主要原因，对该疾病的认知对于预防失明很重要。然而，先前的研究表明公众对AMD缺乏认知，且中国大陆尚无关于AMD认知情况的报道。因此，我们研究的目的是评估中国北京居民对AMD及其危险因素的认知情况。
采用横断面、计算机辅助电话调查来测量北京居民对AMD的认知。潜在受访者的所有联系方式均由计算机随机生成。仅纳入18岁以上且愿意参与研究的人群。本研究问卷是根据国际AMD联盟全球报告修改而来。采用Pearson卡方检验和二元逻辑回归分析来确定影响AMD知识知晓的因素。
在385名同意参与的北京居民中，对AMD的知晓率为6.8%，远低于白内障和青光眼的知晓率。年龄在30岁以上的参与者（比值比[OR] 6.17，置信区间[CI] 1.44 - 26.57）、有健康相关工作经历的参与者（OR 8.11，CI 3.25 - 20.27）以及其亲属/朋友或自身患有AMD的参与者（OR 32.18，CI 11.29 - 91.68）对AMD的认知更好。在那些熟悉AMD的人中，只有35%的人将吸烟识别为危险因素，只有23.1%的居民认为吸烟会导致失明。
中国人群样本对AMD的了解有限。需要开展教育项目以提高公众对AMD的认知。
