埃塞俄比亚医疗保健专业人员对年龄相关性黄斑变性风险因素的认知决定因素
Determinants of Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge on Age-Related Macular Degeneration Risk Factors in Ethiopia.
作者信息
Alemu Destaye Shiferaw, Munaw Minychil Bantihun, Bekele Matiyas Mamo, Asmare Kindie Chalie, Ayele Fisseha Admassu, Limenih Miteku Andualem
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.
Department of Optometry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Clin Ophthalmol. 2025 Jun 4;19:1771-1785. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S514480. eCollection 2025.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to assess knowledge of healthcare professionals on risk factors of age-related macular degeneration and to identify factors that affect their level of knowledge.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 607 healthcare professionals in Gondar City from August 1 to 30, 2024. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participant. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted using R statistical software to identify determinants affecting knowledge on age-related macular degeneration risk factors. The strength and precision of relationships between the outcome and the factors were quantified using adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. P - value below 5% was used to declare statistically significance associations.
RESULTS
Six hundred seven healthcare professionals took part in this study. Less than one-third of the participants (29.7%; 95% CI: 25.0%, 34.8%) showed adequate knowledge of risk factors of age-related macular degeneration. Male sex (AOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.43), healthcare service experience less than five years (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.88), ten years of experience in healthcare (AOR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.95), eye health-related training (AOR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.83), hypertension history (AOR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.52, 3.44) and diabetes mellitus (AOR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.02, 6.27) determine healthcare professionals' knowledge of age-related macular degeneration risk factors.
CONCLUSION
The study highlights a significant knowledge gap among healthcare professionals regarding age-related macular degeneration risk factors. Gender, years of experience in healthcare, and receiving eye health-related training are key determinates of knowledge on age-related macular degeneration risk factors, underscoring the importance of directed educational and trainings to improve healthcare professionals' knowledge on age-related macular degeneration risk factors.
目的
本研究旨在评估医疗保健专业人员对年龄相关性黄斑变性危险因素的了解情况，并确定影响其知识水平的因素。
患者与方法
采用横断面研究设计，于2024年8月1日至30日从贡德尔市的607名医疗保健专业人员中收集数据。采用系统随机抽样法选择研究参与者。通过访谈者发放问卷来收集数据。使用R统计软件进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定影响年龄相关性黄斑变性危险因素知识的决定因素。使用调整后的优势比及95%置信区间来量化结果与因素之间关系的强度和精确度。P值低于5%被用来判定具有统计学意义的关联。
结果
607名医疗保健专业人员参与了本研究。不到三分之一的参与者（29.7%；95%置信区间：25.0%，34.8%）对年龄相关性黄斑变性的危险因素表现出足够的了解。男性（调整后的优势比：1.68；95%置信区间：1.16，2.43）、医疗服务经验少于五年（调整后的优势比：1.86；95%置信区间：1.23，2.88）、从事医疗工作十年（调整后的优势比：0.57；95%置信区间：0.34，0.95）、接受过眼健康相关培训（调整后的优势比：1.91；95%置信区间：1.23，2.83）、有高血压病史（调整后的优势比：2.28；95%置信区间：1.52，3.44）以及患有糖尿病（调整后的优势比：2.48；95%置信区间：1.02，6.27）决定了医疗保健专业人员对年龄相关性黄斑变性危险因素的了解程度。
结论
该研究突出了医疗保健专业人员在年龄相关性黄斑变性危险因素方面存在显著的知识差距。性别、医疗工作年限以及接受眼健康相关培训是年龄相关性黄斑变性危险因素知识的关键决定因素，这强调了针对性教育和培训对于提高医疗保健专业人员对年龄相关性黄斑变性危险因素知识的重要性。
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