González-Jiménez Beatriz, Delgado-Mendoza Efrén, Rojano-González Rafael, Valdez-Izaguirre Florencia, Gutiérrez-Aguilar Pedro, Márquez-Celedonio Félix Guillermo, González-Santes Mario
Facultad de Medicina Región Veracruz, Universidad Veracruzana. Veracruz, Veracruz, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2017 Jan-Feb;55(1):40-46.
Neonatal Hearing Screening and Early Intervention (NHSEI) is a screening program to evaluate all infants and identify those with hearing impairment. The objective of this work was to determine the factors associated with hearing loss in NHSEI program.
Analytical cross-sectional study was performed. 234 infants were included in the NHSEI program, hearing was evaluated with transitory evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOE) at frequencies of 1.5 to 4.5 kHz, and intensity of stimuli of 40-60 dB. The variables were: age from one to 28 days, sex, gestational age and perinatal history. Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression.
The presence of risk factors in newborns resulted in significant omnibus test (p < 0.05) predicted value by Nagelkerke R square model of 77%. The background inherited family acquired infection, craniofacial abnormalities, low birth weight, respiratory distress at birth and genetic syndromes were factors significantly associated (p < 0.05) to hearing loss in infants.
The incidence of hearing impairment in infants diagnosed by newborn hearing program was higher (5/234 newborns) than the reported in the literature.
新生儿听力筛查与早期干预（NHSEI）是一项评估所有婴儿并识别听力障碍婴儿的筛查项目。本研究的目的是确定NHSEI项目中与听力损失相关的因素。
进行分析性横断面研究。234名婴儿纳入NHSEI项目，采用瞬态诱发耳声发射（TEOE）在1.5至4.5kHz频率、40 - 60dB刺激强度下评估听力。变量包括：出生1至28天的年龄、性别、胎龄和围产期病史。数据采用描述性统计和二元逻辑回归分析。
新生儿中危险因素的存在导致显著的综合检验（p < 0.05），Nagelkerke R方模型的预测值为77%。家族遗传背景、获得性感染、颅面畸形、低出生体重、出生时呼吸窘迫和遗传综合征是与婴儿听力损失显著相关（p < 0.05）的因素。
通过新生儿听力项目诊断出的婴儿听力障碍发生率（5/234名新生儿）高于文献报道。
