Harris John P, Iturriza-Gomara Miren, O'Brien Sarah J
National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Gastrointestinal Infections at the University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Gastrointestinal Infections at the University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Vaccine. 2017 Feb 7;35(6):853-855. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.009. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
The second Infectious Intestinal Diseases study (IID2) estimated the incidence of norovirus in the UK at 47/1000 population (three million cases annually). Clinically significant norovirus was defined using a cycle threshold (ct) value of <30; a more stringent cut-off than used in diagnostic laboratories. The low infectious dose of norovirus means asymptomatic individuals potentially contribute to ongoing transmission. Using a less stringent but diagnostically relevant threshold increases the estimation of the population burden of norovirus infection by around 26% to 59/1000 person years (95% CI 52.32-64.98), equating to 3.7 million norovirus infections annually (3.3-4.1 million). With possible vaccines on the horizon for norovirus, having a good estimate of the total burden of norovirus infection, as well as symptomatic disease will be useful in helping to guide vaccination policy when candidate vaccines become available.
第二项感染性肠道疾病研究(IID2)估计,英国诺如病毒的发病率为每1000人中有47例(每年300万例)。具有临床意义的诺如病毒是使用循环阈值(ct)<30来定义的;这一阈值比诊断实验室所使用的更为严格。诺如病毒的低感染剂量意味着无症状个体可能会导致病毒持续传播。使用一个不太严格但与诊断相关的阈值,会使诺如病毒感染的人群负担估计增加约26%,达到每1000人年59例(95%置信区间52.32 - 64.98),相当于每年有370万例诺如病毒感染(330万 - 410万例)。鉴于诺如病毒可能很快会有疫苗问世,准确估计诺如病毒感染的总体负担以及有症状疾病的负担,将有助于在候选疫苗可用时指导疫苗接种政策。