Luzuriaga-Neira A, Villacís-Rivas G, Cueva-Castillo F, Escudero-Sánchez G, Ulloa-Nuñez A, Rubilar-Quezada M, Monteiro R, Miller M R, Beja-Pereira A
Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO-InBIO), Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
Centro de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional de Loja, Pio Jaramillo Alvarado s/n sector La Argelia, 1101, Loja, Ecuador.
Anim Genet. 2017 Jun;48(3):353-357. doi: 10.1111/age.12537. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
Local chicken populations are a major source of food in the rural areas of South America. However, very little is known about their genetic composition and diversity. Here, we analyzed five populations from South America to investigate their maternal genetic origin and diversity, hoping to mitigate the lack of information on local chicken populations from this region. We also included three populations of chicken from the Iberian Peninsula and one from Easter Island, which are potential sources of the first chickens introduced in South America. The obtained sequencing data from South American chickens indicate the presence of four haplogroups (A, B, E and D) that can be further subdivided into nine sub-haplogroups. Of these, four (B1, D1a, E1a(b), E1b) were absent from local Iberian Peninsula chickens and one (D1a) was present only on Easter Island. The presence of the sub-haplogroups A1a(b) and E1a(b) in South America, previously only observed in Eastern Asia, and the significant population differentiation between Iberian Peninsula and South American populations, suggest a second maternal source of the extant genetic pool in South American chickens.
地方鸡种是南美洲农村地区的主要食物来源。然而，人们对它们的遗传组成和多样性知之甚少。在此，我们分析了来自南美洲的五个鸡群，以调查它们的母系遗传起源和多样性，希望缓解该地区地方鸡种信息匮乏的状况。我们还纳入了来自伊比利亚半岛的三个鸡群和来自复活节岛的一个鸡群，它们可能是最早引入南美洲的鸡的来源。从南美洲鸡群获得的测序数据表明存在四个单倍群（A、B、E和D），它们可进一步细分为九个亚单倍群。其中，四个（B1、D1a、E1a(b)、E1b）在伊比利亚半岛本地鸡中不存在，一个（D1a）仅出现在复活节岛。亚单倍群A1a(b)和E1a(b)在南美洲的存在（此前仅在东亚观察到），以及伊比利亚半岛和南美洲鸡群之间显著的群体分化，表明南美洲鸡现存基因库存在第二个母系来源。
