Casey Megan L, Mazurek Jacek M
a Surveillance Branch, Respiratory Health Division , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Morgantown , West Virginia , USA.
J Agromedicine. 2017;22(2):78-88. doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2017.1282904.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the national prevalence of respirator use among farm operators with farm work-related asthma and factors associated with respirator use.
The authors examined the 2011 Farm and Ranch Safety Survey, a national survey collected from 11,210 actively farming farm operators in the United States. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPORs) of respirator use were calculated by demographic characteristics, farm characteristics, asthma characteristics, and selected exposures and hazards.
Among the estimated 2.2 million farm operators in 2011, 35.7% reported using a respirator in the past 12 months. Respirator use was significantly (P < .05) associated with age, marital status, sex, smoking status, farm value of sales, farm type, farm acreage, and geographic region. Operators who work with pesticides were 3.5 times more likely to use respirator than those who did not work with pesticides (P < .0001). Among those with current asthma, 60.8% of operators with farm work-related asthma used respirators compared with 44.4% of operators with non-farm work-related asthma (P = .03). Farm operators with farm work-related asthma who had an asthma attack at work were 11.3 times more likely to report respirator use than those who did not have an asthma attack at work (P = .03).
Personal protective equipment, including respirators, is an approach to reducing respiratory exposures in agricultural settings, in particular among those with farm work-related asthma. Education for respirator use and evaluation for respirator tolerance should be considered.
本研究旨在估计患有与农场工作相关哮喘的农场经营者中呼吸器的全国使用 prevalence 以及与呼吸器使用相关的因素。
作者检查了 2011 年农场和牧场安全调查，这是一项从美国 11210 名积极从事农业的农场经营者中收集的全国性调查。通过人口统计学特征、农场特征、哮喘特征以及选定的暴露和危害因素计算呼吸器使用的调整患病率比值（aPORs）。
在 2011 年估计的 220 万农场经营者中，35.7%报告在过去 12 个月内使用过呼吸器。呼吸器使用与年龄、婚姻状况、性别、吸烟状况、农场销售价值、农场类型、农场面积和地理区域显著相关（P <.05）。使用农药的经营者使用呼吸器的可能性是未使用农药经营者的 3.5 倍（P <.0001）。在当前患有哮喘的人群中，患有与农场工作相关哮喘的经营者中有 60.8%使用呼吸器，而患有与非农场工作相关哮喘的经营者中这一比例为 44.4%（P =.03）。在工作中发生哮喘发作的患有与农场工作相关哮喘的农场经营者报告使用呼吸器的可能性是未在工作中发作哮喘的经营者的 11.3 倍（P =.03）。
包括呼吸器在内的个人防护设备是减少农业环境中呼吸道暴露的一种方法，特别是在患有与农场工作相关哮喘的人群中。应考虑开展呼吸器使用教育和呼吸器耐受性评估。
