Tucker Sarah, Du Yi, Ahmed Rishad, Haynatzki Gleb, Adhikari Suraj, Rautiainen Risto H
Department of Environmental, Agricultural, and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2025 Mar;68(3):286-294. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23696. Epub 2024 Dec 27.
Farm operators are at a high risk of developing skin cancer due to their occupational sun exposure. With the growing incidence of skin cancer, it is also important to evaluate other occupational risk factors. Farm operators confront numerous physical, chemical, and biological hazards in their work environment. This study investigated whether dermal exposures to pesticides/fertilizers, animals/livestock, detergents/disinfectants, and fuels/solvents/paints were associated with the risk of skin cancer in farm and ranch operators.
Surveillance data from the Central States Center for Agricultural Safety and Health (CS-CASH) Farm and Ranch Health and Safety Surveys in 2018 and 2020 were used to explore the risk of skin cancer in farm operators in seven US central states. Farm production variables from the DTN Farm Market database were merged with survey responses. The associations of skin cancer and exposure variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression modeling.
The prevalence of skin cancer was 10% among 7943 operators. Univariable analyses showed that men had 1.62 times higher odds of skin cancer compared to women. The odds of skin cancer increased significantly with age. Livestock, fed cattle, cow-calf, and beef production increased the odds of skin cancer. Exposure to pesticides/fertilizers and fuels/solvents/paints also increased the odds of skin cancer compared to unexposed operators. In the final multivariable model, the associations of skin exposure to pesticides/fertilizers (odds ratio (OR) = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.08-1.56) and to fuels/solvents/paints (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45) remained statistically significant after adjusting for sex, age, and state. Having livestock also increased the odds of skin cancer (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.00-1.38).
Skin is a critical source of occupational exposures among farm operators. Increased odds of skin cancer in this study emphasizes the need for better protection against exposures to chemicals including pesticides/fertilizers, and fuels/solvents/paints.
由于职业性阳光暴露，农场经营者患皮肤癌的风险很高。随着皮肤癌发病率的不断上升，评估其他职业风险因素也很重要。农场经营者在其工作环境中面临众多物理、化学和生物危害。本研究调查了皮肤接触农药/化肥、动物/牲畜、洗涤剂/消毒剂以及燃料/溶剂/油漆是否与农场和牧场经营者患皮肤癌的风险相关。
利用2018年和2020年美国中部各州农业安全与健康中心（CS-CASH）农场和牧场健康与安全调查的监测数据，探索美国七个中部州农场经营者患皮肤癌的风险。DTN农场市场数据库中的农场生产变量与调查回复进行了合并。使用描述性统计和回归模型分析皮肤癌与暴露变量之间的关联。
在7943名经营者中，皮肤癌的患病率为10%。单变量分析显示，男性患皮肤癌的几率是女性的1.62倍。患皮肤癌的几率随年龄显著增加。饲养牲畜、喂养肉牛、母牛犊和牛肉生产增加了患皮肤癌的几率。与未接触者相比，接触农药/化肥和燃料/溶剂/油漆也增加了患皮肤癌的几率。在最终的多变量模型中，在调整了性别、年龄和州之后，皮肤接触农药/化肥（优势比（OR）=1.30，95%置信区间：1.08-1.56）和燃料/溶剂/油漆（OR=1.21，95%置信区间：1.01-1.45）之间的关联仍具有统计学意义。饲养牲畜也增加了患皮肤癌的几率（OR=1.18，95%置信区间：1.00-1.38）。
皮肤是农场经营者职业暴露的重要来源。本研究中皮肤癌几率的增加强调了更好地防护包括农药/化肥和燃料/溶剂/油漆在内的化学物质暴露的必要性。
