Galanty Agnieszka, Koczurkiewicz Paulina, Wnuk Dawid, Paw Milena, Karnas Elżbieta, Podolak Irma, Węgrzyn Michał, Borusiewicz Magdalena, Madeja Zbigniew, Czyż Jarosław, Michalik Marta
Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Cracow, Poland; Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Cracow, Poland.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2017 Apr;40:161-169. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.01.008. Epub 2017 Jan 14.
Lichens are an interesting source of potential anti-tumor compounds, among which usnic acid and atranorin seem to be the most promising, but their impact on invasive potential of tumor cells has not yet been comprehensively addressed. The aim of the study was focused on the impact of the two lichen metabolites, on the viability (by Trypan blue test and fluoresceine diacetate and ethidium bromide assay), proliferation (cell counting in a Bürker's chamber), apoptosis (flow cytometry analysis and Western blot) and motile activity (cell movement recording and image analysis) and actin cytoskeleton organization (immunofluorescent staining) of melanoma HTB-140, prostate cancers DU-145 and PC-3, normal human skin fibroblasts and prostate epithelial PNT2 cells, with special emphasis to their selectivity and versatility.
Both compounds exerted strong inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation, migration and actin cytoskeleton organization, while their effect on apoptosis process was less relevant. The impact of usnic acid on the examined cancer cells was found more efficient in comparison to atranorin. Also, selective effect of both agents on tumor cells was observed.
The ability of usnic acid and atranorin to inhibit cancer cells motility may have future implications for development of new therapeutic strategies targeted at the interference with the metastatic cascade.
地衣是潜在抗肿瘤化合物的一个有趣来源，其中松萝酸和黑茶渍素似乎最具前景，但它们对肿瘤细胞侵袭潜能的影响尚未得到全面研究。本研究旨在聚焦这两种地衣代谢产物对黑色素瘤HTB - 140、前列腺癌DU - 145和PC - 3、正常人皮肤成纤维细胞以及前列腺上皮PNT2细胞的活力（通过台盼蓝试验、荧光素二乙酸酯和溴化乙锭检测）、增殖（在伯克氏计数室中进行细胞计数）、凋亡（流式细胞术分析和蛋白质免疫印迹法）、运动活性（细胞运动记录和图像分析）以及肌动蛋白细胞骨架组织（免疫荧光染色）的影响，特别强调其选择性和通用性。
两种化合物均对癌细胞增殖、迁移和肌动蛋白细胞骨架组织产生强烈抑制作用，而它们对凋亡过程的影响较小。与黑茶渍素相比，发现松萝酸对所检测癌细胞的影响更有效。此外，还观察到这两种药物对肿瘤细胞的选择性作用。
松萝酸和黑茶渍素抑制癌细胞运动的能力可能对开发针对干扰转移级联反应的新治疗策略具有未来意义。
