Kakoschke Naomi, Kemps Eva, Tiggemann Marika
School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2017 Jun;55:99-105. doi: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2017.01.002. Epub 2017 Jan 5.
Continual exposure to food cues in the environment contributes to unhealthy eating behaviour. According to dual-process models, such behaviour is partly determined by automatic processing of unhealthy food cues (e.g., approach bias), which fails to be regulated by controlled processing (e.g., inhibitory control). The current study aimed to investigate the effect of combined avoidance and control training on implicit evaluation (liking), choice, and consumption of unhealthy snack food.
Participants were 240 undergraduate women who were randomly allocated to one of four experimental conditions of a 2 (avoidance training: training versus control) x 2 (control training: training versus control) between-subjects design.
The combined training group had a more negative implicit evaluation of unhealthy food than either of the two training conditions alone or the control condition. In addition, participants trained to avoid unhealthy food cues subsequently made fewer unhealthy snack food choices. No significant group differences were found for food intake.
Participants were women generally of a healthy weight. Overweight or obese individuals may derive greater benefit from combined training.
Results lend support to the theoretical predictions of dual-process models, as the combined training reduced implicit liking of unhealthy food. At a practical level, the findings have implications for the effectiveness of interventions targeting unhealthy eating behaviour.
持续接触环境中的食物线索会导致不健康的饮食行为。根据双加工模型，这种行为部分由对不健康食物线索的自动加工（如趋近偏向）决定，而这种自动加工无法通过控制性加工（如抑制控制）来调节。本研究旨在探讨回避与控制联合训练对不健康零食的内隐评价（喜好）、选择和消费的影响。
240名本科女生参与研究，她们被随机分配到2（回避训练：训练组与对照组）×2（控制训练：训练组与对照组）组间设计的四个实验条件之一。
联合训练组对不健康食物的内隐评价比单独的两种训练条件组或对照组更消极。此外，接受避免不健康食物线索训练的参与者随后做出的不健康零食选择更少。在食物摄入量方面未发现显著的组间差异。
参与者一般为体重正常的女性。超重或肥胖个体可能从联合训练中获得更大益处。
结果支持双加工模型的理论预测，因为联合训练降低了对不健康食物的内隐喜好。在实践层面，这些发现对针对不健康饮食行为的干预措施的有效性具有启示意义。
