Svensson Magdalena S, Shanee Sam, Shanee Noga, Bannister Flavia B, Cervera Laura, Donati Giuseppe, Huck Maren, Jerusalinsky Leandro, Juarez Cecilia P, Maldonado Angela M, Martinez Mollinedo Jesus, Méndez-Carvajal Pedro G, Molina Argandoña Miguel A, Mollo Vino Antonietta D, Nekaris K A I, Peck Mika, Rey-Goyeneche Jennifer, Spaan Denise, Nijman Vincent
Nocturnal Primate Research Group, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
Folia Primatol (Basel). 2016;87(5):332-348. doi: 10.1159/000454803. Epub 2017 Jan 18.
The international trade in night monkeys (Aotus spp.), found throughout Central and South America, has been regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) since 1975. We present a quantitative analysis of this trade from all 9 range countries, over 4 decades, and compare domestic legislation to CITES regulations. Night monkeys were exported from 8 of the 9 habitat countries, totalling 5,968 live individuals and 7,098 specimens, with trade of live individuals declining over time. In terms of species, the most commonly traded was Aotus nancymaae (present in Brazil, Colombia, Peru) followed by A. vociferans (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) and A. zonalis (Colombia, Panama). There was no significant correlation between levels of trade and species' geographic range size or the number of countries in which a species occurs. Five countries have legislation that meets CITES requirements for implementation, whereas the other 4 countries' legislation showed deficiencies. Research conducted in Colombia, Peru, and Brazil suggests significant cross-border trade not captured in official international trade registers. Although international trade has diminished, current trends suggest that populations of rarer species may be under unsustainable pressure. Further research is needed to quantify real trade numbers occurring between habitat countries.
夜猴（夜猴属物种）分布于中美洲和南美洲各地，自1975年以来，其国际贸易一直受到《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（CITES）的监管。我们对来自所有9个分布国、历时40多年的这种贸易进行了定量分析，并将国内立法与CITES规定进行了比较。9个栖息地国家中有8个国家出口过夜猴，总共出口了5968只活体和7098个标本，活体贸易量随时间推移而下降。就物种而言，最常交易的是南希夜猴（分布于巴西、哥伦比亚、秘鲁），其次是叫夜猴（分布于巴西、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁）和带纹夜猴（分布于哥伦比亚、巴拿马）。贸易水平与物种的地理分布范围大小或物种所分布的国家数量之间没有显著相关性。有5个国家的立法符合CITES的实施要求，而其他4个国家的立法存在缺陷。在哥伦比亚、秘鲁和巴西进行的研究表明，官方国际贸易登记中未记录到大量的跨境贸易。尽管国际贸易有所减少，但目前的趋势表明，较稀有物种的种群可能面临不可持续的压力。需要进一步开展研究，以量化栖息地国家之间实际的贸易数量。
