Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2017 Aug;51(4):489-499. doi: 10.1007/s12160-016-9872-y.
Children exposed to multiple stressors are more likely to be overweight, but little is known about the mechanisms explaining this association.
This cross-sectional study examined whether children exposed to multiple stressors had higher waist circumference, and whether this association was mediated through children's television time.
Participants were 319 parent-child dyads. Children were 2-5 years old and had at least one overweight parent (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m). Data were collected at baseline of a larger childhood obesity prevention study and included information on psychosocial stressors (e.g., parenting stress), demographic stressors (e.g., low income), children's television time, and children's waist circumference. Two cumulative risk scores were created by summing stressors in each domain (demographic and psychosocial). Mediation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted.
Indirect effects of both cumulative risk scores on waist circumference through television time were not significant; however, moderated mediation analyses found significant moderation by gender. The indirect effects of both risk scores on waist circumference through television time were significant and positive for girls, but near-zero for boys.
Reducing television time should be explored as a strategy for buffering against the negative health effects of exposure to multiple stressors among girls. Longitudinal and intervention research is needed to confirm these results and to identify mediating factors between cumulative risk and body weight among boys.
暴露于多种压力源的儿童更有可能超重，但对于解释这种关联的机制知之甚少。
本横断面研究旨在探讨暴露于多种压力源的儿童是否具有更高的腰围，以及这种关联是否通过儿童看电视时间来介导。
参与者为 319 对父母-儿童对。儿童年龄为 2-5 岁，且至少有一位超重的父母（BMI≥25kg/m²）。数据采集于一项更大的儿童肥胖预防研究的基线期，包括心理社会压力源（如父母压力）、人口统计学压力源（如低收入）、儿童看电视时间和儿童腰围等信息。通过在每个领域（人口统计学和心理社会）中对压力源进行求和，创建了两个累积风险评分。进行了中介和调节中介分析。
两个累积风险评分通过电视时间对腰围的间接影响均不显著；然而，调节中介分析发现，性别存在显著调节作用。对于女孩，两个风险评分通过电视时间对腰围的间接影响均显著且为正，但对于男孩，影响近乎为零。
应探索减少看电视时间作为减轻女孩暴露于多种压力源对健康产生负面影响的策略。需要进行纵向和干预研究，以确认这些结果，并确定男孩中累积风险与体重之间的中介因素。
