Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, P.O. Box 44511, Zagazig, Egypt.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2017 Sep;179(1):148-157. doi: 10.1007/s12011-017-0936-z. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
The main objective of this work was to investigate the impact of dietary chromium supplementation on growth indices, carcass yield, and some hematological and biochemical blood parameters of growing Japanese quails subjected to heat stress. A total of 360 unsexed 2-week-old Japanese quail chicks were used in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement that had two ambient temperatures (23 ± 2 and 33 ± 2 °C) and three dietary chromium (0.00, 500, and 1000 μg Cr/kg diet as chromium picolinate). For induction of heat stress, the room temperature was set at 33 ± 2 °C from 2 to 6 weeks of age. Results showed that body weight, body weight gain, and feed intake were decreased for birds subjected to heat stress condition during 2 to 4 and 2 to 6 weeks of age. Feed conversion was not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by high ambient temperature throughout the experiment. Carcass, dressing, liver, and heart percentages were not influenced by the ambient temperature or dietary chromium or their combinations. Significant temperature × chromium combinations were observed for hemoglobin value (P = 0.025) and packed cell volume (P = 0.001). Cholesterol and glucose in plasma were increased (P = 0.004 or 0.022) in quails subjected to heat stress condition. Plasma measurements of total proteins, albumin, globulin, lipids, glucose, and A/G ratio of quail chicks were not influenced (P > 0.05) by chromium, while cholesterol was increased with increasing chromium level (P = 0.033). High ambient temperature or dietary chromium levels or their interactions did not (P > 0.05) affect plasma levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4), or T3/T4 ratio of growing quails. From these observations, it can be concluded that dietary chromium supplementation of growing Japanese quail subjected to heat stress condition could beneficially affect growth performance and carcasses, as well as modulate the hematological and biochemical blood parameters, probably through modulating stress status.
本研究的主要目的是探究饲粮铬补充对热应激条件下生长育成鹌鹑生长指标、屠体产率以及一些血液生化参数的影响。试验选用 360 只 2 周龄公母不分的日本鹌鹑，采用 2×3 因子设计，设 2 个环境温度（23±2 和 33±2℃）和 3 个饲粮铬水平（0、500 和 1000μg/kg 铬，以吡啶羧酸铬形式添加）。从 2 至 6 周龄，将鸡舍温度设定为 33±2℃以诱导热应激。结果表明，在 2 至 4 周龄和 2 至 6 周龄期间，热应激条件下的鹌鹑体重、体重增重和采食量降低。整个试验过程中，高环境温度对饲料转化率没有显著影响（P＞0.05）。环境温度或饲粮铬及其组合对屠体、屠体率、肝脏和心脏比例没有影响。血红蛋白值（P=0.025）和红细胞压积（P=0.001）出现显著的温度×铬组合效应。在热应激条件下，鹌鹑血浆胆固醇和葡萄糖含量升高（P=0.004 或 0.022）。总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、脂质、葡萄糖和 A/G 比值在雏鹑血浆中的测量值不受铬的影响（P＞0.05），而胆固醇随铬水平的增加而增加（P=0.033）。高环境温度或饲粮铬水平或其互作对生长鹌鹑血浆天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺素（T4）或 T3/T4 比值没有影响（P＞0.05）。从这些观察结果可以得出结论，在热应激条件下，生长育成鹌鹑饲粮补充铬可以有益地影响生长性能和屠体，以及调节血液生化参数，可能是通过调节应激状态。
