Tomić Ivan, Tonković Mirjana, Ivanec Dragutin
a University of Zagreb.
J Gen Psychol. 2017 Jan-Mar;144(1):1-15. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2016.1258385.
Based on theoretical and empirical similarities between Construal level theory of psychological distance and the Need for cognitive closure (NFC) theory, it could be hypothesized that psychological distance and NFC represent constructs that overlap to some degree. Since both theories describe judgmental behavior in terms of schematic processing, we hypothesized that primacy effect, a schema-driven phenomenon, is strengthened under the heightened NFC and psychological distance. We tested this hypothesis in an impression formation experiment while manipulating psychological distance and measuring NFC. Low NFC and psychological closeness reflect preference for situationally specific, contextually rich information, and therefore their joint effect resulted in reliance on all available information regardless of their position in a sequence. High NFC and psychological distance produced a preference for clear, schematic, stable knowledge, and therefore weighed first information more, which resulted in the primacy effect.
基于心理距离的解释水平理论与认知闭合需求（NFC）理论之间的理论和实证相似性，可以假设心理距离和NFC代表在某种程度上重叠的结构。由于这两种理论都从图式加工的角度描述判断行为，我们假设首因效应（一种图式驱动的现象）在NFC增强和心理距离增大的情况下会得到强化。我们在一个印象形成实验中对这一假设进行了测试，同时操纵心理距离并测量NFC。低NFC和心理亲近反映了对情境特定、上下文丰富信息的偏好，因此它们的共同作用导致依赖所有可用信息，而不管这些信息在序列中的位置如何。高NFC和心理距离产生了对清晰、图式化、稳定知识的偏好，因此更重视第一条信息，这就导致了首因效应。
