Chandiwana S K, Bradley M, Chombo F
Blair Research Laboratory, Harare, Zimbabwe.
J Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Oct;92(5):338-44.
Surveys were carried out to assess the prevalences and intensities of hookworm and roundworm infections in 15 farm-worker communities in Zimbabwe with poor living conditions. Examination of 1635 faecal samples showed that hookworms (Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale) were the commonest helminths (61.7% of infections). They were followed by Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura at less than 3%. There were striking differences in prevalences and intensities of infection of the different helminthic parasites among the 15 communities surveyed. In general, differences between males and females were not statistically significant. Age-prevalence and age-intensity profiles for hookworms showed that infection increased with age, with a peak in the adult age groups. A. lumbricoides prevalence was relatively high in children but declined to a very low plateau in adults. There were no significant relationships between number of households per latrine at each community and the prevalence and intensity of infection by hookworms and prevalence of roundworms. The relevance of the above findings is discussed in relation to the control of morbidity and transmission of the helminths.
在津巴布韦15个生活条件较差的农场工人社区开展了调查，以评估钩虫和蛔虫感染的流行率及感染强度。对1635份粪便样本进行检测后发现，钩虫（美洲板口线虫和十二指肠钩口线虫）是最常见的蠕虫（占感染病例的61.7%）。其次是蛔虫和鞭虫，感染率均低于3%。在所调查的15个社区中，不同蠕虫寄生虫的感染流行率和感染强度存在显著差异。总体而言，男性和女性之间的差异无统计学意义。钩虫的年龄流行率和年龄感染强度曲线表明，感染率随年龄增长而升高，在成年人年龄组中达到峰值。蛔虫在儿童中的流行率相对较高，但在成年人中降至非常低的稳定水平。每个社区每座厕所服务的家庭数量与钩虫感染的流行率和感染强度以及蛔虫的流行率之间均无显著关联。针对蠕虫病发病率控制和传播，对上述研究结果的相关性进行了讨论。
