Coughlin Melissa M, Beck Andrew S, Bankamp Bettina, Rota Paul A
Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Herpesvirus Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Viruses. 2017 Jan 19;9(1):11. doi: 10.3390/v9010011.
Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine preventable disease. Measles results in a systemic illness which causes profound immunosuppression often leading to severe complications. In 2010, the World Health Assembly declared that measles can and should be eradicated. Measles has been eliminated in the Region of the Americas, and the remaining five regions of the World Health Organization (WHO) have adopted measles elimination goals. Significant progress has been made through increased global coverage of first and second doses of measles-containing vaccine, leading to a decrease in global incidence of measles, and through improved case based surveillance supported by the WHO Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network. Improved vaccine delivery methods will likely play an important role in achieving measles elimination goals as these delivery methods circumvent many of the logistic issues associated with subcutaneous injection. This review highlights the status of global measles epidemiology, novel measles vaccination strategies, and describes the pathway toward measles elimination.
麻疹是一种具有高度传染性、可通过疫苗预防的疾病。麻疹会引发全身性疾病，导致严重的免疫抑制，常常引发严重并发症。2010年，世界卫生大会宣布麻疹能够且应该被根除。美洲区域已消除麻疹，世界卫生组织（WHO）其余五个区域也已制定消除麻疹目标。通过提高含麻疹疫苗第一剂和第二剂的全球覆盖率，全球麻疹发病率有所下降，并且通过由WHO全球麻疹和风疹实验室网络支持的基于病例的监测得到改善，已取得显著进展。改进的疫苗接种方式可能在实现消除麻疹目标方面发挥重要作用，因为这些接种方式规避了许多与皮下注射相关的后勤问题。本综述重点介绍了全球麻疹流行病学现状、新型麻疹疫苗接种策略，并描述了消除麻疹的途径。
