Xia Wancai, Ren Baoping, Li Yanhong, Hu Jie, He Xinming, Krzton Ali, Li Ming, Li Dayong
Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education)ts, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China.
Folia Primatol (Basel). 2016;87(6):349-360. doi: 10.1159/000454922. Epub 2017 Jan 21.
The appearance of tourists brings about behavioural changes in some primates. Primate behavioural responses to human activities can reflect their survival strategy. Little is known about how the behaviour of Rhinopithecus bieti changes in the presence of tourists. Here we provide the first detailed description of interactions between a provisioned group of R. bieti and tourists at Xiangguqing in Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve from July 2012 to June 2013. We found that R. bieti had different response rates to the 5 most common human actions (shout, photograph, offer food, clap, and wave). Results indicated that R. bieti expresses 10 behavioural reactions (threat, escape, vigilance, warning, panic, alliance, attack, foraging, approach, and staring) to tourists' actions. On the whole, most of the monkeys' responses were unfriendly or hostile; a small number were neutral and affiliative. Behavioural responses were also significantly different among the different age/sex classes. Immature individuals engaged in more affiliative behaviours than adult individuals, and adult males tended towards more hostile behaviours. The behaviour of R. bieti towards tourists showed both tension and adaptability. Scientific management of provisioned monkey groups and strict regulation of tourist behaviour is needed in order to protect the animals from the negative effects of tourism-related disturbance.
游客的出现会引起一些灵长类动物行为的变化。灵长类动物对人类活动的行为反应能够反映它们的生存策略。关于滇金丝猴在有游客在场时行为如何变化，我们知之甚少。在此，我们首次详细描述了2012年7月至2013年6月在白马雪山自然保护区响古箐一个投食的滇金丝猴群体与游客之间的互动情况。我们发现滇金丝猴对5种最常见的人类行为（呼喊、拍照、投喂食物、鼓掌和挥手）有不同的反应率。结果表明，滇金丝猴对游客的行为表现出10种行为反应（威胁、逃跑、警惕、警告、恐慌、结盟、攻击、觅食、靠近和凝视）。总体而言，大多数猴子的反应是不友好或敌对的；少数是中性和亲和的。不同年龄/性别类别的行为反应也存在显著差异。未成年个体比成年个体表现出更多的亲和行为，成年雄性则倾向于更多的敌对行为。滇金丝猴对游客的行为既表现出紧张又有适应性。为了保护这些动物免受与旅游相关干扰的负面影响，需要对投食猴群进行科学管理并严格规范游客行为。
