Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Vaccine. 2019 Nov 28;37(50):7289-7294. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.023. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
Genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, a gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium, is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection globally. Ascension of chlamydial infection to the female upper genital tract can cause acute pelvic inflammatory disease, tubal factor infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. Shortcomings of current chlamydia control strategies, especially for low- and middle-income countries, highlight the need for an effective vaccine. Evidence from animal models, human epidemiological studies, and early trachoma vaccine trials suggest that a C. trachomatis vaccine is feasible. Vaccine development for genital chlamydial infection has been in the preclinical phase of testing for many years, but the first Phase I trials of chlamydial vaccine candidates are underway, and scientific advances hold promise for additional candidates to enter clinical evaluation in the coming years. We describe the clinical and public health need for a C. trachomatis vaccine, provide an overview of Chlamydia vaccine development efforts, and summarize current vaccine candidates in the development pipeline.
沙眼衣原体（Chlamydia trachomatis）是一种革兰氏阴性专性细胞内细菌，其导致的生殖器感染是全球最常见的细菌性性传播感染。沙眼衣原体感染上行至女性上生殖道可引起急性盆腔炎、输卵管性不孕、异位妊娠和慢性盆腔痛。当前控制衣原体感染策略的缺陷，特别是在中低收入国家，凸显出对有效疫苗的需求。动物模型、人类流行病学研究和早期沙眼疫苗试验的证据表明，开发沙眼衣原体疫苗是可行的。针对生殖器沙眼衣原体感染的疫苗研发多年来一直处于临床前测试阶段，但目前正在进行第一批衣原体疫苗候选物的 I 期临床试验，科学进展有望使更多候选物在未来几年进入临床评估。我们描述了针对沙眼衣原体的疫苗的临床和公共卫生需求，概述了衣原体疫苗开发工作，并总结了当前处于开发管道中的疫苗候选物。
