Salzmann-Erikson Martin, Dahlén Jeanette
Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, SE-80176 Sverige Sweden.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden, Ersta Sköndal University College, Institution for Caring Science, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Child Fam Stud. 2017;26(1):1-13. doi: 10.1007/s10826-016-0534-2. Epub 2016 Sep 13.
Qualitative values that address personal and interpersonal dimensions are often overlooked in research that examines mental well-being among young patients with anorexia nervosa. The aim of this review was to identify and describe factors that promote and impede the relationships between nurses and the children, adolescents and young adults who are diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and also to explore and describe how those relationships benefit the patients' processes toward increased health and well-being. A descriptive literature synthesis was conducted following the four steps as described by Evans. The three databases CINAHL, PsycINFO and PubMed were used to search for qualitative articles. Fourteen articles met the criteria for inclusion and were analysed. Key findings were identified, and categories and themes were formulated and compared across the studies. Four themes are presented in the results: (1) The essentials in a relationship; (2) The person at the centre; (3) The nurses' attitudes; and (4) Knowledge. In addition to the contribution to the knowledge of how anorexia is manifested, our findings demonstrate the necessity for nurses to be person-centred in their relationships with patients and to have attitudes characterised by presence, genuine commitment and motivation. Nurses are more likely to convey a sense of trust and safety when they communicate with openness and honesty. Our review suggests that the motivation for patients to adhere to treatment is likely to increase when nurses approach patients with these characteristics and attitudes. We argue that the findings are relevant for nurses in their everyday practices.
在针对神经性厌食症年轻患者心理健康状况的研究中，那些涉及个人和人际层面的定性因素常常被忽视。本综述的目的是识别和描述促进或阻碍护士与被诊断患有神经性厌食症的儿童、青少年及青年患者之间关系的因素，并探讨和描述这些关系如何有助于患者实现增进健康和幸福的过程。按照埃文斯所描述的四个步骤进行了描述性文献综合分析。使用CINAHL、PsycINFO和PubMed这三个数据库搜索定性文章。十四篇文章符合纳入标准并进行了分析。确定了关键发现，并制定了类别和主题，然后在各项研究中进行比较。结果呈现了四个主题：（1）关系中的要素；（2）以患者为中心；（3）护士的态度；（4）知识。除了对了解厌食症的表现有所贡献外，我们的研究结果表明，护士在与患者的关系中必须以患者为中心，并具备以陪伴、真诚投入和积极性为特征的态度。当护士以开放和诚实的方式沟通时，更有可能传递出信任和安全感。我们的综述表明，当护士以这些特质和态度对待患者时，患者坚持治疗的动机可能会增强。我们认为这些发现对护士的日常实践具有相关性。
