Tekin Saban, Dowd Scot E, Davinic Marko, Bursali Ahmet, Keskin Adem
Faculty of Science and Art Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tasliciftlik, 60250, Tokat, Turkey.
Molecular Research LP, Shallowater, TX, 79363, USA.
Parasitol Res. 2017 Mar;116(3):1055-1061. doi: 10.1007/s00436-017-5387-0. Epub 2017 Jan 22.
Ticks continue to be a threat to human and animal health in Turkey, as they are considered important vectors of human and animal diseases. The objectives of this investigation are to characterize the microbial communities of two tick species, Rhipicephalus annulatus and Dermacenter marginatus, analyze patterns of co-occurrence among microbial taxa, identify and compare pathogens contributing human diseases, and determine whether avirulent symbionts could exclude human pathogens from tick communities. Furthermore, this study explores a microbiome of the R. annulatus and D. marginatus via the bacterial 16S tag-encoded FLX-titanium amplicon pyrosequencing (bTEFAP) technique to describe their bacterial diversity. Pyrosequencing was performed on adult males and females isolated from humans from two high-risk Turkish provinces, Sivas and Amasya, during tick outbreaks in 2009. A total of 36,253 sequences were utilized for analyses of the 8 tick samples. Several pathogenic genera such as Francisella, Coxiella, Rickettsia, and Shigella were detected in the ticks tested. The most distinguishable difference between the two species of ticks was the lack of known human pathogen Rickettsia in R. annulatus and in samples 9 and 10 of D. marginatus. These samples had higher relative abundance of Flavobacterium sp., Curvibacter sp., Acidovorax sp., and Bacteroidaceae genera mostly representing symbionts which form a large component of normal tick microbiota. The outcome of this study is consistent with the predictions of the community ecological theory that diversity-rich bacteriomes are more resistant to bacterial invasion (and consequent pathogen dissemination) than diversity-deprived ones.
蜱虫仍然对土耳其的人类和动物健康构成威胁，因为它们被认为是人类和动物疾病的重要传播媒介。本调查的目的是对两种蜱虫，即环形扇头蜱和边缘革蜱的微生物群落进行特征描述，分析微生物分类群之间的共现模式，识别和比较导致人类疾病的病原体，并确定无毒共生菌是否可以将人类病原体排除在蜱虫群落之外。此外，本研究通过细菌16S标签编码的FLX-钛扩增子焦磷酸测序（bTEFAP）技术探索环形扇头蜱和边缘革蜱的微生物组，以描述它们的细菌多样性。在2009年蜱虫爆发期间，对从土耳其两个高风险省份锡瓦斯和阿马西亚的人类身上分离出的成年雄性和雌性蜱虫进行了焦磷酸测序。总共36,253个序列被用于分析8个蜱虫样本。在测试的蜱虫中检测到了几个致病属，如弗朗西斯菌属、柯克斯体属、立克次体属和志贺菌属。两种蜱虫之间最明显的区别是环形扇头蜱以及边缘革蜱的样本9和10中没有已知的人类病原体立克次体。这些样本中黄杆菌属、弯曲杆菌属、嗜酸菌属和拟杆菌科的相对丰度较高，这些大多代表共生菌，它们构成了正常蜱虫微生物群的很大一部分。本研究的结果与群落生态学理论的预测一致，即细菌多样性丰富的菌群落比多样性匮乏的菌群落更能抵抗细菌入侵（以及随之而来的病原体传播）。
