Leoni Francesca, Chierichetti Serena, Santarelli Sabrina, Talevi Giulia, Masini Laura, Bartolini Chiara, Rocchegiani Elena, Naceur Haouet M, Ottaviani Donatella
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) per il Controllo delle Contaminazioni Batteriche dei Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) per il Controllo delle Contaminazioni Batteriche dei Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Via Cupa di Posatora 3, 60126 Ancona, Italy.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2017 Mar 20;245:6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.01.006. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
A total of 162 samples of bivalve molluscs (45 mussels and 117 clams) collected between December 2012 and 2014 from harvesting areas of the Central Adriatic were analysed by a culturing method for the presence of Arcobacter spp. Species identification was performed by PCR and sequencing analysis of a fragment of the rpoB gene. Overall, Arcobacter species were detected in 30% of samples, specifically 33% clams and 22% mussels. A. butzleri was the most common species (20% of the samples), followed by A. cryaerophilus (9%) and A. skirrowii (1%). A seasonal association of A. butzleri contamination was detected. A. butzleri was significantly more commonly recovered from samples collected during the winter-spring period (29%) than from those of the summer-autumn (8%). A. cryaerophilus was cultured from 6% to 11% of the samples collected in summer-autumn and winter-spring, respectively, but these differences were not statistically significant. A. skirrowii was recovered from a sample of mussels harvested in May 2014. To identify associations between the occurrence of Arcobacter spp. and E. coli levels, samples were divided into groups generating results with E. coli at >230MPN/100g and E. coli at ≤230MPN/100g, the latter corresponding to EU microbiological criteria allowed for live bivalve molluscs at retail level. A. butzleri was significantly more commonly detected in samples with higher E. coli levels (48%) than in those with lower levels of E. coli (10%), providing evidence for considering E. coli as an index organism for A. butzleri contamination in bivalve molluscs.
2012年12月至2014年期间，从亚得里亚海中部捕捞区采集了共计162份双壳贝类样本（45份贻贝和117份蛤），采用培养方法分析其中是否存在弓形杆菌属。通过对rpoB基因片段进行PCR和测序分析来进行菌种鉴定。总体而言，在30%的样本中检测到了弓形杆菌属，具体来说，蛤中的检出率为33%，贻贝中的检出率为22%。布氏弓形杆菌是最常见的菌种（占样本的20%），其次是嗜低温弓形杆菌（9%）和斯氏弓形杆菌（1%）。检测到布氏弓形杆菌污染存在季节性关联。从冬春季节采集的样本中检出布氏弓形杆菌的比例（29%）显著高于夏秋季节采集的样本（8%）。嗜低温弓形杆菌分别从夏秋季节和冬春季节采集的6%至11%的样本中培养得到，但这些差异无统计学意义。在2014年5月采集的一份贻贝样本中检出了斯氏弓形杆菌。为了确定弓形杆菌属的出现与大肠杆菌水平之间的关联，将样本分为大肠杆菌含量>230MPN/100g和大肠杆菌含量≤230MPN/100g两组，后者符合欧盟规定的零售级活双壳贝类的微生物标准。在大肠杆菌含量较高的样本中，布氏弓形杆菌的检出率（48%）显著高于大肠杆菌含量较低的样本（10%），这为将大肠杆菌视为双壳贝类中布氏弓形杆菌污染的指示生物提供了证据。
