Ottaviani Donatella, Mosca Francesco, Chierichetti Serena, Tiscar Pietro Giorgio, Leoni Francesca
Sezione di Ancona, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento (LNR) Contaminazioni Batteriologiche Molluschi Bivalvi Vivi, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Teramo, Italy.
Microbiologyopen. 2017 Feb;6(1). doi: 10.1002/mbo3.400. Epub 2016 Sep 20.
The human food-borne pathogens Arcobacter butzleri and A. cryaerophilus have been frequently isolated from the intestinal tracts and fecal samples of different farm animals and, after excretion, these microorganisms can contaminate the environment, including the aquatic one. In this regard, A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus have been detected in seawater and bivalves of coastal areas which are affected by fecal contamination. The capability of bivalve hemocytes to interact with bacteria has been proposed as the main factor inversely conditioning their persistence in the bivalve. In this study, 12 strains of Arcobacter spp. were isolated between January and May 2013 from bivalves of Central Adriatic Sea of Italy in order to examine their genetic diversity as well as in vitro interactions with bivalve components of the immune response, such as hemocytes. Of these, seven isolates were A. butzleri and five A. cryaerophilus, and were genetically different. All strains showed ability to induce spreading and respiratory burst of Mytilus galloprovincialis hemocytes. Overall, our data demonstrate the high genetic diversity of these microorganisms circulating in the marine study area. Moreover, the Arcobacter-bivalve interaction suggests that they do not have a potential to persist in the tissues of M. galloprovincialis.
食源性人病原菌布氏嗜冷杆菌和嗜低温嗜冷杆菌经常从不同农场动物的肠道和粪便样本中分离出来，排泄后，这些微生物会污染环境，包括水生环境。在这方面，在受粪便污染影响的沿海地区的海水和双壳贝类中已检测到布氏嗜冷杆菌和嗜低温嗜冷杆菌。双壳贝类血细胞与细菌相互作用的能力被认为是影响它们在双壳贝类中持续存在的主要反向因素。在本研究中，于2013年1月至5月间从意大利亚得里亚海中部的双壳贝类中分离出12株嗜冷杆菌属菌株，以研究它们的遗传多样性以及与免疫反应的双壳贝类成分（如血细胞）的体外相互作用。其中，七株分离株为布氏嗜冷杆菌，五株为嗜低温嗜冷杆菌，且基因不同。所有菌株均显示出诱导地中海贻贝血细胞铺展和呼吸爆发的能力。总体而言，我们的数据证明了在海洋研究区域中循环的这些微生物具有高度的遗传多样性。此外，嗜冷杆菌与双壳贝类的相互作用表明它们没有在贻贝组织中持续存在的潜力。
