乌干达农村地区夫妻艾滋病毒咨询与检测（CHCT）接受率的影响因素
Motivators of couple HIV counseling and testing (CHCT) uptake in a rural setting in Uganda.
作者信息
Nannozi Victoria, Wobudeya Eric, Matsiko Nicholas, Gahagan Jacqueline
机构信息
Makerere University Joint AIDS program, P. O. Box 7071, Kampala, Uganda.
Mulago National Referral Hospital, P. O. Box 7051, Kampala, Uganda.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2017 Jan 23;17(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4043-z.
BACKGROUND
Couple HIV Counseling and Testing (CHCT) is one of the key preventive strategies used to reduce the spread of HIV. In Uganda, HIV prevalence among married/living together is 7.2% among women and 7.6% among men. CHCT can help ease disclosure of HIV-positive status, which in turn may help increase opportunities to get social support and reduce new infections. The uptake of CHCT among attendees of health facilities in rural Uganda is as high as 34%. The purpose of this study was to explore the motivators of CHCT uptake in Mukono district, a rural setting in Uganda.
METHODS
The study was conducted in two sub-counties in a rural district (Mukono district) about 28 km east of the capital Kampala, using a descriptive and explorative qualitative research design. Specifically, we conducted focus group discussions and key informant interviews with HIV focal persons, village health team (VHT) members, religious leaders and political leaders. We also interviewed persons in couple relationships. Data was analysed using NVivo 8 software. Ethical clearance was received from the Mengo Hospital Research Review Board and from the Uganda National Council of Science and Technology.
RESULTS
The study was conducted from June 2013 to July 2013 We conducted 4 focus group discussions, 10 key informant interviews and interviewed 53 persons in couple relationships. None of the participants were a couple. The women were 68% (36/53) and 49% (26/53) of them were above 29 years old. The motivators of CHCT uptake were; perceived benefit of HIV testing, sickness of a partner or child in the family and suspicion of infidelity. Other important motivators were men involvement in antenatal care (ANC) attendance and preparation for marriage.
CONCLUSION
The motivators for CHCT uptake included the perceived benefit of HIV testing, sickness of a partner or child, preparation for marriage, lack of trust among couples and men involvement in antenatal care. Greater attention to enhancers of CHCT programming is needed in trying to strengthen its uptake.
背景
夫妻艾滋病毒咨询与检测（CHCT）是用于减少艾滋病毒传播的关键预防策略之一。在乌干达，已婚/同居人群中女性的艾滋病毒感染率为7.2%，男性为7.6%。CHCT有助于缓解艾滋病毒阳性状况的披露，这反过来可能有助于增加获得社会支持的机会并减少新感染。在乌干达农村地区的医疗机构就诊者中，CHCT的接受率高达34%。本研究的目的是探讨乌干达农村地区穆科诺区CHCT接受率的影响因素。
方法
本研究在首都坎帕拉以东约28公里的一个农村地区（穆科诺区）的两个次县进行，采用描述性和探索性定性研究设计。具体而言，我们与艾滋病毒重点人员、村卫生队（VHT）成员、宗教领袖和政治领袖进行了焦点小组讨论和关键信息访谈。我们还采访了处于恋爱关系中的人。使用NVivo 8软件对数据进行分析。获得了蒙戈医院研究审查委员会和乌干达国家科学技术委员会的伦理批准。
结果
本研究于2013年6月至2013年7月进行。我们进行了4次焦点小组讨论、10次关键信息访谈，并采访了53对处于恋爱关系中的人。没有一对参与者是夫妻。女性占68%（36/53），其中49%（26/53）年龄在29岁以上。CHCT接受率的影响因素有：艾滋病毒检测的预期益处、伴侣或家中孩子患病以及对不忠的怀疑。其他重要影响因素包括男性参与产前护理（ANC）和婚前准备。
结论
CHCT接受率的影响因素包括艾滋病毒检测的预期益处、伴侣或孩子患病、婚前准备、夫妻之间缺乏信任以及男性参与产前护理。在试图加强CHCT的接受率时，需要更加关注CHCT项目的促进因素。
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