Zhu Linwensi, Fang Jingyuan
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health and State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institution of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2016;2016:1360348. doi: 10.1155/2016/1360348. Epub 2016 Dec 28.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent types of malignancies, particularly among individuals aged between 50 and 75. The global incidence of CRC has been steadily on the rise due in no small part to an aging population and a shift in lifestyle as well as eating habits. MicroRNAs are a group of small, noncoding, and endogenous RNA molecules that have recently emerged as key players in a broad range of pathological pathways. Moreover, dysregulation of microRNAs has been implicated in cancer development and metastasis. This review is intended to provide a brief overview of the structure, functions, and clinical roles of microRNAs. In particular, the review will focus on the discovery, the underlying mechanistic roles, and the diagnostic as well as therapeutic potentials of CRC-specific miRNAs.
结直肠癌（CRC）是最常见的恶性肿瘤类型之一，在50至75岁的人群中尤为常见。由于人口老龄化、生活方式和饮食习惯的改变，全球结直肠癌的发病率一直在稳步上升。微小RNA是一组小的、非编码的内源性RNA分子，最近已成为广泛病理途径中的关键参与者。此外，微小RNA的失调与癌症的发生和转移有关。本综述旨在简要概述微小RNA的结构、功能和临床作用。特别是，本综述将重点关注结直肠癌特异性微小RNA的发现、潜在的机制作用以及诊断和治疗潜力。
