Cantor J, Engle R W
Mem Cognit. 1989 Nov;17(6):701-11. doi: 10.3758/bf03202631.
A visual search task was coupled with the serial recall of words to assess the extent to which modality effects mediated by vocalizing and silent mouthing reflect an automatically activated preattentive process. Overall, serial position functions systematically changed as concurrent task demands increased, but the magnitude of the modality effect associated with both mouthing and vocalizing was not altered, regardless of whether or not subjects simultaneously searched for digits. These results support the notion that modality effects index a preattentive process that can be activated automatically by either spoken input or gestural cues associated with speech.
一项视觉搜索任务与单词的系列回忆相结合，以评估由发声和默读介导的模态效应在多大程度上反映了自动激活的前注意过程。总体而言，随着并发任务需求的增加，系列位置函数系统地发生变化，但与默读和发声相关的模态效应的大小并未改变，无论受试者是否同时搜索数字。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即模态效应指示了一种前注意过程，该过程可以由语音输入或与语音相关的手势线索自动激活。
