Alotaibi Hani, Tuzlakoğlu-Öztürk Merve, Tazebay Uygar Halis
Gebze Technical University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kocaeli, Turkey, Phone: +90 262 605 25 22, E-mail:
Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther. 2017 Feb 9;26(Suppl 1):92-101. doi: 10.4274/2017.26.suppl.11.
Iodide (I-) is an essential constituent of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), and the iodide concentrating mechanism of the thyroid gland is essential for the synthesis of these hormones. In addition, differential uptake of iodine isotopes (radioiodine) is a key modality for the diagnosis and therapy of thyroid cancer. The sodium dependent iodide transport activity of the thyroid gland is mainly attributed to the functional expression of the Na+/I- Symporter (NIS) localized at the basolateral membrane of thyrocytes. In this paper, we review and summarize current data on molecular characterization, on structure and function of NIS protein, as well as on the transcriptional regulation of NIS encoding gene in the thyroid gland. We also propose that a better and more precise understanding of NIS gene regulation at the molecular level in both healthy and malignant thyroid cells may lead to the identification of small molecule candidates. These could then be translated into clinical practice for better induction and more effective modulation of radioiodine uptake in dedifferentiated thyroid cancer cells and in their distant metastatic lesions.
碘离子（I-）是甲状腺激素三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）和甲状腺素（T4）的重要组成成分，甲状腺的碘离子浓缩机制对于这些激素的合成至关重要。此外，碘同位素（放射性碘）的差异摄取是甲状腺癌诊断和治疗的关键方式。甲状腺的钠依赖性碘离子转运活性主要归因于位于甲状腺细胞基底外侧膜的钠/碘同向转运体（NIS）的功能性表达。在本文中，我们回顾并总结了关于NIS蛋白的分子特征、结构和功能以及甲状腺中NIS编码基因转录调控的当前数据。我们还提出，在健康和恶性甲状腺细胞中从分子水平更好、更精确地理解NIS基因调控可能会导致鉴定出小分子候选物。然后这些小分子候选物可转化为临床实践，以更好地诱导和更有效地调节去分化甲状腺癌细胞及其远处转移病灶中的放射性碘摄取。
