Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China; Visiting scholar at Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Apr 1;583:280-291. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.066. Epub 2017 Jan 21.
PM air pollution in metropolises as well as some medium-sized cities in the North China Plain have aroused many researchers' interest, but less attention has been paid to the rural areas of this region. In this study, four months of daily PM samples were collected from a rural site in Lingcheng (a district of Dezhou City in Shandong Province) during different seasons in 2013 and 2014. Analysis of the samples indicates that the PM air pollution was severe over this area with the four-month average concentration of 105.9μg/m, three times higher than China's guideline for this pollutant (35μg/m). In winter, the monthly average concentration was as high as 151.2μg/m. In order to identify the potential source regions, the Integrated Source Apportionment Method within Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ-ISAM) was applied during the wintertime. The regional source apportionment results show that local emissions in Lingcheng only contributed 15.4% to PM concentrations, with 12.6% and 28.1% from its circumjacent areas in Dezhou City and the six surrounding cities, respectively. Regional transport from areas farther away and the boundaries account for 31.6% and 11.1%, respectively. This indicates that the ambient PM at Lingcheng is not affected only by emissions from local and circumjacent areas; regional and long-range transport should also be considered. Further analysis indicated that with increasing degrees of pollution, the contributions from local and circumjacent regions showed a clear downward trend, while the contributions from northern and southwestern areas, which most of the trajectories passed through during periods of heavy haze, showed an obvious upward trend.
华北平原大都市和一些中型城市的大气 PM2.5 污染引起了众多研究者的关注，但该地区农村地区的 PM2.5 污染问题却较少受到关注。本研究于 2013 年和 2014 年的不同季节在山东省德州市陵城区的一个农村站点采集了为期四个月的大气 PM2.5 日样品。分析结果表明，该地区大气 PM2.5 污染严重，四个月的平均浓度为 105.9μg/m3，是中国该污染物浓度标准（35μg/m3）的三倍。冬季月平均浓度高达 151.2μg/m3。为了识别潜在的污染源，在冬季应用了综合源解析方法（ISAM）与嵌套网格空气质量模型（CMAQ）。区域源解析结果表明，陵城区本地排放仅对 PM2.5 浓度的贡献为 15.4%，德州市及其周边六市的周边地区分别贡献了 12.6%和 28.1%。更远地区的区域传输和边界传输分别贡献了 31.6%和 11.1%。这表明，陵城的环境 PM2.5 不仅受本地和周边地区排放的影响，还应考虑区域和长距离传输的影响。进一步分析表明，随着污染程度的增加，本地和周边地区的贡献呈明显下降趋势，而在重霾期间大多数轨迹经过的北部和西南部地区的贡献呈明显上升趋势。
