Woszezenki Cristhiele Taís, Heinzmann-Filho João Paulo, Vendrusculo Fernanda Maria, Piva Taila Cristina, Levices Isadora, Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes
Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity, Centro Infant, Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 25;12(1):e0170696. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170696. eCollection 2017.
To generate reference values for two inspiratory muscle endurance (IME) protocols in healthy children and adolescents.
This is an observational, cross-sectional study, in healthy children and adolescents from 4 to 18 years of age. Weight, height, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and IME were measured using two protocols. A fixed load of 30% of MIP with a 10% increment every 2 minutes was used in the incremental threshold loading protocol. As for the maximal loading protocol, a fixed load of 70% of MIP was used and the time limit (Tlim) achieved until fatigue was measured.
A total of 462 participants were included, 281 corresponding to the incremental loading protocol and 181 to maximal loading. There were moderate and positive correlations between IME and age, MIP, weight and height in the incremental threshold loading. However, the regression model demonstrated that MIP and age were the best variables to predict the IME. Otherwise, weak and positive correlations with age, weight and height were found in the maximal loading. Only age and height influenced endurance in the regression model. The predictive power (r2) of the incremental threshold loading protocol was 0.65, while the maximal loading was 0.15. The reproducibility measured by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was higher in the incremental loading (0.96) compared to the maximal loading test (0.69).
IME in healthy children and adolescents can be explained by age, height and MIP. The incremental threshold loading protocol showed more reliable results and should be the model of choice to evaluate IME in the pediatric age group.
为健康儿童和青少年的两种吸气肌耐力（IME）方案生成参考值。
这是一项针对4至18岁健康儿童和青少年的观察性横断面研究。使用两种方案测量体重、身高、最大吸气压力（MIP）和IME。递增阈值负荷方案采用MIP的30%固定负荷，每2分钟增加10%。至于最大负荷方案，采用MIP的70%固定负荷，并测量达到疲劳的时间限制（Tlim）。
共纳入462名参与者，其中281名对应递增负荷方案，181名对应最大负荷方案。在递增阈值负荷中，IME与年龄、MIP、体重和身高之间存在中度正相关。然而，回归模型表明MIP和年龄是预测IME的最佳变量。否则，在最大负荷中发现与年龄、体重和身高存在弱正相关。在回归模型中，只有年龄和身高影响耐力。递增阈值负荷方案的预测能力（r2）为0.65，而最大负荷方案为0.15。与最大负荷试验（ICC为0.69）相比，递增负荷试验中组内相关系数（ICC）测量的再现性更高（0.96）。
健康儿童和青少年的IME可以用年龄、身高和MIP来解释。递增阈值负荷方案显示出更可靠的结果，应该是评估儿童年龄组IME的首选模型。
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