Shaikevich Elena V, Karan Ludmila S, Fyodorova Marina V
Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Gubkin str., 3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Novogireevskaya 3a, Moscow, 111123 Russia.
Comp Cytogenet. 2016 Oct 10;10(4):483-504. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i4.7582. eCollection 2016.
Nucleotide sequences of the circadian rhythm genes, and , were studied for the first time in mosquitoes Linnaeus, 1758. In this work we evaluated variations of the studied genome fragments for the two forms of (forma "pipiens" - mosquitoes common for aboveground habitats, forma "molestus" - underground mosquitoes). We compared from Russia with transatlantic and subtropical Say, 1823. Our results show that intraspecies variability is higher for the gene than for the gene . The revealed substitutions in nucleotide sequences and especially in amino acid sequences grouped the individuals of the two forms into distinct clusters with high significance. The detected fixed amino acid substitutions may appear essential for functioning of the circadian rhythm proteins in , and may be correlated with adaptations of the taxa within the group . Our results suggest that natural selection favors fixed mutations and the decrease in diversity of the genes and in mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens f. "molestus" compared with the Culex pipiens f. "pipiens", is probably correlated with adaptive features of Culex pipiens f. "molestus". The studied genome regions may be considered as promising molecular-genetic markers for identification, population and phylogenetic analysis of similar species and forms of the complex.
首次对1758年林奈命名的蚊虫中的昼夜节律基因和的核苷酸序列进行了研究。在这项工作中，我们评估了两种形态（“尖音库蚊指名亚种”——常见于地上栖息地的蚊虫，“骚扰库蚊”——地下蚊虫）的研究基因组片段的变异情况。我们将来自俄罗斯的与跨大西洋的以及亚热带的1823年赛伊命名的进行了比较。我们的结果表明，基因的种内变异性高于基因。核苷酸序列尤其是氨基酸序列中发现的替换将两种形态的个体分为具有高度显著性的不同簇。检测到的固定氨基酸替换可能对昼夜节律蛋白在中的功能至关重要，并且可能与该组内分类单元的适应性相关。我们的结果表明，自然选择有利于固定突变，与尖音库蚊指名亚种相比，尖音库蚊“骚扰库蚊”中基因和的多样性降低，这可能与尖音库蚊“骚扰库蚊”的适应性特征相关。所研究的基因组区域可被视为用于鉴定、群体分析以及对库蚊复合体相似物种和形态进行系统发育分析的有前景的分子遗传标记。
