Yamagishi T, Babraj J
Division of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Abertay University, Dundee, Scotland.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2017 Dec;27(12):1662-1672. doi: 10.1111/sms.12831. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
This study sought to determine the time course of training adaptations to two different sprint interval training programmes with the same sprint: rest ratio (1:8) but different sprint duration. Nine participants (M: 7; F: 2) were assigned to 15-second training group (15TG) consisting of 4-6 × 15-second sprints interspersed with 2-minute recovery, whereas eight participants (M: 5; F: 3) were assigned to 30-second training group (30TG) consisting of 4-6 × 30 second sprints interspersed with 4-minute recovery. Both groups performed their respective training twice per week over 9 weeks and changes in peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak) and time to exhaustion (TTE) were assessed every 3 weeks. Additional eight healthy active adults (M: 6; F: 2) completed the performance assessments 9 weeks apart without performing training (control group, CON). Following 9 weeks of training, both groups improved V˙O2peak (15TG: 12.1%; 30TG: 12.8%, P<.05) and TTE (15TG: 16.2%; 30TG: 12.8%, P<.01) to a similar extent. However, while both groups showed the greatest gains in V˙O2peak at 3 weeks (15TG: 16.6%; 30TG: 17.0%, P<.001), those in TTE were greatest at 9 weeks. CON did not change any of performance variables following 9 weeks. This study demonstrated that while the changes in cardiorespiratory function plateau within several weeks with sprint interval training, endurance capacity (TTE) is more sensitive to such training over a longer time frame in moderately-trained individuals. Furthermore, a 50% reduction in sprint duration does not diminish overall training adaptations over 9 weeks.
本研究旨在确定针对两种不同的短跑间歇训练计划的训练适应时间进程，这两种训练计划的冲刺与休息比例相同（1:8），但冲刺持续时间不同。九名参与者（男性7名；女性2名）被分配到15秒训练组（15TG），该组由4 - 6次15秒冲刺组成，每次冲刺间穿插2分钟恢复时间；而八名参与者（男性5名；女性3名）被分配到30秒训练组（30TG），该组由4 - 6次30秒冲刺组成，每次冲刺间穿插4分钟恢复时间。两组均每周进行两次各自的训练，持续9周，并每3周评估一次峰值摄氧量（V˙O2peak）和力竭时间（TTE）的变化。另外八名健康的活跃成年人（男性6名；女性2名）在不进行训练的情况下，相隔9周完成了性能评估（对照组，CON）。经过9周的训练，两组的V˙O2peak（15TG：12.1%；30TG：12.8%，P<0.05）和TTE（15TG：16.2%；30TG：12.8%，P<0.01）均有相似程度的提高。然而，虽然两组在3周时V˙O2peak的增加幅度最大（15TG：16.6%；30TG：17.0%，P<0.001），但TTE的增加幅度在9周时最大。对照组在9周后任何性能变量均未改变。本研究表明，虽然短跑间歇训练在几周内会使心肺功能变化趋于平稳，但在适度训练的个体中，耐力能力（TTE）在更长时间范围内对这种训练更为敏感。此外，冲刺持续时间减少50%并不会削弱9周内的整体训练适应性。
