Cueto-Galán Raquel, Barón Francisco Javier, Valdivielso Pedro, Pintó Xavier, Corbella Emili, Gómez-Gracia Enrique, Wärnberg Julia
Unidad de Epidemiología Nutricional, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, España.
Unidad de Bioestadística, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2017 May 23;148(10):435-443. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.11.032. Epub 2017 Jan 23.
To analyze the effect of an intervention with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with either extra virgin olive oil or nuts, on the fatty liver index (FLI), compared to a low-fat control diet.
Participants of the PREDIMED-Malaga trial, free from cardiovascular disease at baseline, but with a high risk to develop it, were included in this study. Anthropometric measurements were assessed and blood samples were taken to calculate participants' FLI at study baseline and after one, 3, 5 and 6 years. Mixed linear models were used to explore the fixed effects of the 3 intervention groups on the FLI as well as their interaction with time.
A total of 276 participants were included in the study. Average participant age was 67 years, with 66% of participants being women. The baseline prevalence of NAFL was 57%. The change in the FLI of the control group increased significantly over time (1.13±0.41; P=.006). In the MedDiet+EVOO group, the time trend of the change in the FLI was similar to that of the control group, although it was seen to be lower (-3.90±1.9; P=.038). In the MedDiet+Nuts group, the trend was significantly lower than that of the control group (-1.63±0.62; P=.009). In the MedDiet+Nuts group, the trend of changes in participants' BMI was 0.100 points lower per year compared to the control group (P=.004). In the control group, the change in waist circumference increased significantly over time (0.61±0.16cm/year; P<.001) in contrast to the MedDiet+EVOO group, in which this variable remained stable (-0.51±0.22; P=.019).
A dietary intervention consisting of a Mediterranean diet could delay or slow down the natural progression of NAFL, thus, being beneficial for its prevention and treatment. However, further studies supporting these conclusions have yet to be carried out.
与低脂对照饮食相比，分析补充特级初榨橄榄油或坚果的地中海饮食干预对脂肪肝指数（FLI）的影响。
纳入PREDIMED - 马拉加试验的参与者，这些参与者在基线时无心血管疾病，但有患心血管疾病的高风险。在研究基线以及1年、3年、5年和6年后评估人体测量指标并采集血样以计算参与者的FLI。使用混合线性模型探讨3个干预组对FLI的固定效应及其与时间的相互作用。
共有276名参与者纳入研究。参与者平均年龄为67岁，66%为女性。NAFL的基线患病率为57%。对照组FLI的变化随时间显著增加（1.13±0.41；P = 0.006）。在MedDiet + EVOO组中，FLI变化的时间趋势与对照组相似，尽管其较低（-3.90±1.9；P = 0.038）。在MedDiet + 坚果组中，该趋势显著低于对照组（-1.63±0.62；P = 0.009）。在MedDiet + 坚果组中，参与者BMI的变化趋势每年比对照组低0.100分（P = 0.004）。在对照组中，腰围变化随时间显著增加（0.61±0.16厘米/年；P < 0.001），而在MedDiet + EVOO组中，该变量保持稳定（-0.51±0.22；P = 0.019）。
由地中海饮食组成的饮食干预可能会延迟或减缓NAFL的自然进展，因此对其预防和治疗有益。然而，支持这些结论的进一步研究尚未开展。
