Davis Janis, Burr Macy, Absi Maria, Telles Rochelle, Koh Howard
Work. 2017;56(1):31-43. doi: 10.3233/WOR-162465.
This study introduces the contributions of occupational science (OS) to the preparation and support of astronauts during long duration space exploration. Given the hostile environment of space, it is not surprising that there is grave deterioration of both physical and mental health when off Earth. However, OS, through occupational therapy (OT), can identify strategies that maintain health and minimize disruptions in task performance for mission success.
To determine the gaps in NASA's preparation of astronauts for long duration space exploration and the viable contributions of OT. Because occupational therapists are trained to address deficits and modify environments to support meaningful engagement in occupations, the OT practitioner is well suited to address the disabling conditions astronauts experience in space.
A literature review revealing the challenges of deep space travel on humans was completed. A survey was also sent to (N = 170) occupational therapists worldwide to identify opinions about the profession's involvement in deep space exploration.
Ninety-seven percent (N = 163) of the participants believed that OS can inform long duration space travel. Approximately ninety-eight percent (N = 166) of respondents believed that OT interventions can be used on space travelers during long duration space flights.
OT interventions can be implemented in any phase of space flight to increase the likelihood of mission success and astronaut safety and well-being.
本研究介绍了职业科学（OS）在长期太空探索期间对宇航员的准备和支持方面所做的贡献。鉴于太空的恶劣环境，在离开地球时身心健康严重恶化也就不足为奇了。然而，职业科学通过职业治疗（OT），可以确定维持健康并将任务执行中的干扰降至最低以确保任务成功的策略。
确定美国国家航空航天局（NASA）在为长期太空探索准备宇航员方面的差距以及职业治疗的可行贡献。由于职业治疗师接受过处理缺陷和改变环境以支持有意义的职业参与的培训，职业治疗从业者非常适合应对宇航员在太空中遇到的致残状况。
完成了一项揭示深空旅行对人类挑战的文献综述。还向全球170名职业治疗师进行了一项调查，以了解他们对该职业参与深空探索的看法。
97%（N = 163）的参与者认为职业科学可为长期太空旅行提供信息。约98%（N = 166）的受访者认为职业治疗干预可用于长期太空飞行中的太空旅行者。
职业治疗干预可在太空飞行的任何阶段实施，以提高任务成功的可能性以及宇航员的安全和福祉。
