a School of Sport, Health and Social Sciences, Southampton Solent University, Southampton, Hampshire SO14 0YN, UK.
b College of Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-970, Brazil.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2017 Feb;42(2):193-201. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0418. Epub 2016 Oct 24.
This study compared high- (HL) and low-load (LL) resistance training (RT) on strength, absolute endurance, volume-load, and their relationships in untrained adolescents. Thirty-three untrained adolescents of both sexes (males, n = 17; females, n = 16; 14 ± 1 years) were randomly assigned into either (i) HL (n = 17): performing 3 sets of 4-6 repetitions to momentary concentric failure; or (ii) LL (n = 16): performing 2 sets of 12-15 repetitions to momentary concentric failure. RT was performed for 2×/week for 9 weeks. Change in maximum strength (1 repetition maximum) and absolute muscular endurance for barbell bench press was assessed. Weekly volume-load was calculated as sets (n) × repetitions (n) × load (kg). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals (CIs) revealed that both groups significantly increased in strength and absolute endurance with large effect sizes (d = 1.51-1.66). There were no between-group differences for change in strength or absolute endurance. Ninety-five percent CIs revealed that both groups significantly increased in weekly volume-load with large effect sizes (HL = 1.66, LL = 1.02). There were no between-group differences for change in volume-load though average weekly volume-load was significantly greater for LL (p < 0.001). Significant Pearson's correlations were found for the HL group between average weekly volume-load and both strength (r = 0.650, p = 0.005) and absolute endurance (r = 0.552, p = 0.022) increases. Strength and absolute endurance increases do not differ between HL and LL conditions in adolescents when performed to momentary concentric failure. Under HL conditions greater weekly volume-load is associated with greater strength and absolute endurance increases.
这项研究比较了高强度（HL）和低强度（LL）阻力训练（RT）对未训练青少年的力量、绝对耐力、容量负荷的影响及其关系。33 名未训练的青少年（男性，n = 17；女性，n = 16；14 ± 1 岁）被随机分配到以下两种情况之一：（i）HL（n = 17）：进行 3 组 4-6 次重复至瞬间向心失败；或（ii）LL（n = 16）：进行 2 组 12-15 次重复至瞬间向心失败。RT 每周进行 2 次，持续 9 周。评估杠铃卧推的最大力量（1 次重复最大）和绝对肌肉耐力的变化。每周的容量负荷计算为组数（n）×重复次数（n）×负荷（kg）。95%置信区间（CI）显示，两组的力量和绝对耐力均显著增加，效果量较大（d = 1.51-1.66）。两组之间的力量或绝对耐力变化无差异。95%CI 显示，两组的每周容量负荷均显著增加，效果量较大（HL = 1.66，LL = 1.02）。尽管 LL 的平均每周容量负荷明显更高（p < 0.001），但两组之间的容量负荷变化无差异。HL 组的平均每周容量负荷与力量（r = 0.650，p = 0.005）和绝对耐力（r = 0.552，p = 0.022）的增加均呈显著的 Pearson 相关。在青少年中，当以瞬间向心失败的方式进行训练时，HL 和 LL 条件下的力量和绝对耐力增加没有差异。在 HL 条件下，更大的每周容量负荷与更大的力量和绝对耐力增加相关。
