Muros José J, Salvador Pérez Federico, Zurita Ortega Félix, Gámez Sánchez Vanesa M, Knox Emily
Universidad de Granada (UGR), Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología, Granada, Spain.
Universidad de Granada (UGR), Facultad de Educación, Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Escolar, Granada, Spain.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2017 Jul-Aug;93(4):406-412. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.10.005. Epub 2017 Jan 25.
The aim of this research was to examine the association between body mass index, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and health-related quality of life in a sample of Spanish adolescents.
The study involved 456 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years. They completed questionnaires on the Mediterranean diet (KIDMED), physical activity (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children [PAQ-C]), and quality of life (KIDSCREEN-27). Body mass index was calculated. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to determine whether health-related quality of life could be predicted by the measured variables. The variables were analyzed in a stepwise manner, with Mediterranean diet entered in the first step, body mass index in the second, and physical activity in the third.
Mediterranean diet accounted for 4.6% of the variance in adolescent's health-related quality of life, with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet predicting higher health-related quality of life-scores. Body mass index accounted for a further 4.1% of the variance, with a higher body mass index predicting lower health-related quality of life scores. Finally, physical activity explained an additional 11.3% of the variance, with a higher level of physical activity being associated with higher health-related quality of life scores. Together, these variables explained 20% of the variance in the adolescents' health-related quality of life.
Physical activity, body mass index, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet are important components to consider when targeting improvements in the health-related quality of life of adolescents, with physical activity representing the component with the greatest influence.
本研究旨在调查西班牙青少年样本中体重指数、身体活动、对地中海饮食的依从性与健康相关生活质量之间的关联。
该研究纳入了456名年龄在11至14岁之间的青少年。他们完成了关于地中海饮食（KIDMED）、身体活动（儿童身体活动问卷[PAQ-C]）和生活质量（KIDSCREEN-27）的问卷调查。计算体重指数。采用分层线性回归分析来确定所测量的变量是否能够预测健康相关生活质量。对变量进行逐步分析，第一步纳入地中海饮食，第二步纳入体重指数，第三步纳入身体活动。
地中海饮食占青少年健康相关生活质量方差的4.6%，对地中海饮食的依从性越高，健康相关生活质量得分越高。体重指数进一步占方差的4.1%，体重指数越高，健康相关生活质量得分越低。最后，身体活动解释了另外11.3%的方差，身体活动水平越高，健康相关生活质量得分越高。这些变量共同解释了青少年健康相关生活质量方差的20%。
在以改善青少年健康相关生活质量为目标时，身体活动、体重指数和对地中海饮食的依从性是需要考虑的重要因素，其中身体活动是影响最大的因素。
