Moral García Jose Enrique, Agraso López Antonio David, Pérez Soto Juan José, Rosa Guillamón Andrés, Tarraga Marcos Loreto, García Canto Eliseo, Tárraga López Pedro J
Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca.
Universidad de Murcia.
Nutr Hosp. 2019 Apr 10;36(2):420-427. doi: 10.20960/nh.2181.
Introduction: the study during adolescence of adherence to the Mediterranean diet, alcohol consumption, weight status as well as the practice of physical activity is fundamental to promote healthy habits conducive to a better quality of life in adulthood. Objectives: to know the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (DM) in the adolescent population, the weight status, the consumption of alcohol and the practice of physical activity (AF); and to analyze if in the studied sample there is an association between the motivation towards the realization of physical and sports practice and sex, age, body mass index (BMI), DM, the consumption of alcohol and the practice of FA. Methods: transversal descriptive study of 648 adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was analyzed with the KIDMED test; alcohol consumption, with the alcohol consumption scale; physical activity, with the IPAQ-A; and physical-sport motivation, with the CSAPPA scale. Results: according to the results, 17.6% of school children are overweight, 73.4% have high adherence to DM, and most do not consume or make moderate alcohol consumption and practice vigorous intensity AF within the recommended ranges. Men have a higher BMI (20.86 vs 20.67) and practice more days per week vigorous AF than women (3.16 vs 2.45). Schoolchildren who enjoy more the practice of AF have a better diet, spend more time doing AF and consume less alcohol. Conclusion: adolescents who do more physical activity have greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet, reduce alcohol consumption, have better weight status and increase physical-sports motivation.
研究青少年对地中海饮食的依从性、饮酒情况、体重状况以及体育活动习惯，对于培养有助于成年后提高生活质量的健康习惯至关重要。目的：了解青少年人群对地中海饮食（MD）的依从性、体重状况、饮酒情况及体育活动（PA）习惯；分析在所研究样本中，体育锻炼动机与性别、年龄、体重指数（BMI）、MD、饮酒情况及PA习惯之间是否存在关联。方法：对648名12至16岁青少年进行横断面描述性研究。采用KIDMED测试分析对地中海饮食的依从性；用饮酒量表分析饮酒情况；用IPAQ - A分析体育活动情况；用CSAPPA量表分析体育锻炼动机。结果：根据结果，17.6%的学童超重，73.4%对MD有高度依从性，大多数人不饮酒或适量饮酒，并在推荐范围内进行剧烈强度的PA。男性的BMI较高（20.86对20.67），每周进行剧烈PA的天数比女性多（3.16对2.45）。更喜欢进行PA的学童饮食更好，花更多时间进行PA且饮酒较少。结论：进行更多体育活动的青少年对地中海饮食的依从性更高，减少饮酒量，体重状况更好且体育锻炼动机增强。
