Dhariwal Nerlyne K, Lynde Grant C
Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, 1354 Clifton Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University, 1354 Clifton Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Anesthesiol Clin. 2017 Mar;35(1):95-106. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2016.09.009. Epub 2016 Dec 12.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy complicate approximately 10% of all deliveries in the United States and are a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Preeclampsia is defined as hypertension in association with proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, impaired liver function, renal insufficiency, pulmonary edema, or new-onset cerebral or visual disturbances. The greatest risk factor for the development of preeclampsia is a history of preeclampsia. There currently is no effective means for the prevention of preeclampsia. Approximately 39% of patients diagnosed with preeclampsia have hypertension and approximately 20% have proteinuria 3 months postpartum. Preeclampsia increases the risk of patients developing hypertension later in life.
妊娠高血压疾病在美国约10%的分娩中出现并发症，是孕产妇和胎儿发病及死亡的主要原因。子痫前期的定义为高血压合并蛋白尿、血小板减少、肝功能受损、肾功能不全、肺水肿或新发的脑部或视觉障碍。子痫前期发生的最大风险因素是子痫前期病史。目前尚无预防子痫前期的有效方法。约39%被诊断为子痫前期的患者产后3个月仍有高血压，约20%仍有蛋白尿。子痫前期增加了患者日后患高血压的风险。
