Wróbel-Roztropiński Artur, Zielińska-Kaźmierska Bogna, Lucas-Grzelczyk Weronika, Szemraj Janusz, Józefowicz-Korczyńska Magdalena
Department of Otolaryngology, Departament of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 22 Kopcińskiego St., 90-153 Lodz, Poland.
Postepy Biochem. 2016;62(4):506-510.
The most common head and neck cancers are neoplasms that occur in the oral cavity and the throat. They are characterized by the high growth rate and clinical malignancy. The research on a significant role in the tumorigenesis of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitors is becoming more and more popular nowadays. MMPs are a group of proteolytic enzymes responsible for the stroma extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, which enables the tumor growth, cell migration, and tumor invasion. The numerous studies reveal a significant growing trend in the level of the studied metalloproteinases expression and their inhibitors in the oral cavity and throat cancers in relation to healthy tissues. Moreover, it was proved that an increased gene MMP-2 expression in the tumor tissue correlates with the clinical staging, the histopathological grading, presence of metastases, cancer relapse, and the patient's survival time. In available articles there is evidence of increased gene MMP-2 expression as a potential marker of the tumor invasiveness and the worse prognosis in patients with the oral cavity and throat cancers. The relationships of the gene MMP-9 expression with the clinical and pathological features as well as with the survival time are inconclusive. A similar relationship is found in case of TIMPs, however this issue has not been commonly raised in the scientific literature.
最常见的头颈癌是发生在口腔和咽喉的肿瘤。它们的特点是生长速度快且具有临床恶性特征。目前，关于基质金属蛋白酶MMP - 2、MMP - 8、MMP - 9及其组织抑制剂在肿瘤发生中的重要作用的研究越来越受到关注。基质金属蛋白酶是一组负责降解基质细胞外基质（ECM）的蛋白水解酶，这使得肿瘤能够生长、细胞能够迁移以及肿瘤能够侵袭。众多研究表明，与健康组织相比，口腔和咽喉癌中所研究的金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂的表达水平呈现出显著的上升趋势。此外，已证实肿瘤组织中MMP - 2基因表达的增加与临床分期、组织病理学分级、转移的存在、癌症复发以及患者的生存时间相关。在现有文章中，有证据表明MMP - 2基因表达增加是口腔和咽喉癌患者肿瘤侵袭性和预后较差的潜在标志物。MMP - 9基因表达与临床和病理特征以及生存时间之间的关系尚无定论。组织金属蛋白酶抑制剂（TIMPs）的情况也发现了类似的关系，然而这个问题在科学文献中尚未普遍提及。
