Pförtner Timo-Kolja, Schmidt-Catran Alexander W
Am J Epidemiol. 2017 Feb 15;185(4):274-282. doi: 10.1093/aje/kww218.
In this study, we investigated whether self-rated health (SRH) can be predicted by in-work poverty and how between-persons and within-person differences in the poverty status of people who are working contribute to this relationship. We used a logistic random-effects model designed to test within-person and between-persons differences with data from a nationally representative German sample with 19 waves of data collection (1995-2013) to estimate effects of between-persons and within-person differences in working poverty status on poor SRH. Interactions by age and sex were tested, and models controlled for sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and work-related characteristics. We found significant differences in SRH between individuals with different working poverty status but no evidence that within-person differences in working poverty status are associated with poor SRH. The association between in-work poverty and SRH was significantly stronger for women but did not differ significantly by age. All findings were robust when including sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and working characteristics. In this sample of German adults, we found a polarization of poor SRH between the working nonpoor and the working poor but no causal association of within-person differences in working poverty status with SRH.
在本研究中，我们调查了在职贫困能否预测自评健康状况（SRH），以及在职人员贫困状况的个体间差异和个体内差异如何影响这种关系。我们使用了一个逻辑随机效应模型，利用来自德国具有全国代表性的样本在1995 - 2013年期间进行的19次数据收集所得的数据，来检验个体内差异和个体间差异，以估计在职贫困状况的个体间差异和个体内差异对不良自评健康状况的影响。我们检验了年龄和性别的交互作用，并在模型中控制了社会人口统计学、社会经济和工作相关特征。我们发现，不同在职贫困状况的个体之间在自评健康状况上存在显著差异，但没有证据表明在职贫困状况的个体内差异与不良自评健康状况相关。在职贫困与自评健康状况之间的关联在女性中显著更强，但在年龄上没有显著差异。纳入社会人口统计学、社会经济和工作特征后，所有结果均具有稳健性。在这个德国成年人样本中，我们发现在职非贫困人口和在职贫困人口之间在不良自评健康状况上存在两极分化，但在职贫困状况的个体内差异与自评健康状况之间没有因果关联。
