Hanari Nobuyasu, Otake Takamitsu, Itoh Nobuyasu, Wada Ayaka, Ohata Masaki
National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST), 1-1-1, Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563, Japan.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Feb;189(2):92. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-5808-7. Epub 2017 Jan 31.
Flame retardants (FRs) are useful because they can prevent combustion and delay the spread of fire after the ignition on commercial products containing plastics. However, such commercial products could be a primary source of environmental contamination with FRs. Plastic disks containing FRs were prepared to elucidate changes in the concentrations of the FRs after weathering tests. Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and polycarbonate (PC) resin were separately kneaded with a combination of three organic FRs [Dechlorane plus (DP), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and triphenyl phosphate (TPhP)] and one inorganic FR [antimony trioxide (SbO)]. The concentrations of TBBPA/TPhP and DP/SbO in the final preparations were respectively 1000 and 500 mg/kg in compliance with the RoHS directive on organobromine FR. The concentrations of elements in the final preparations were 300 mg/kg for chlorine, 600 mg/kg for bromine, 100 mg/kg for phosphorus, and 400 mg/kg for antimony, respectively. The analytical concentrations (three FRs and four elements) were consistent with the expected concentrations (maximum difference -9.5% in the PC disks). The FRs and elements in the disks were sufficiently homogenous (maximum inhomogeneity 4.3% in the PC disks). The prepared disks were subjected to weathering tests; the concentrations of TBBPA in the disks decreased significantly (30 to 40%) whereas the concentrations of the elements did not change under the condition of this study. On the other hand, there were no drastic differences on relationships of FRs and elements such as DP/chlorine and TPhP/phosphorus.
阻燃剂（FRs）很有用，因为它们可以防止含有塑料的商业产品着火后燃烧并延缓火势蔓延。然而，这类商业产品可能是环境中阻燃剂污染的主要来源。制备了含有阻燃剂的塑料盘，以阐明老化试验后阻燃剂浓度的变化。将丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）和聚碳酸酯（PC）树脂分别与三种有机阻燃剂[十氯联苯（DP）、四溴双酚A（TBBPA）和磷酸三苯酯（TPhP）]和一种无机阻燃剂[三氧化二锑（SbO）]混合捏合。最终制剂中TBBPA/TPhP和DP/SbO的浓度分别为1000和500mg/kg，符合关于有机溴阻燃剂的RoHS指令。最终制剂中各元素的浓度分别为氯300mg/kg、溴600mg/kg、磷100mg/kg和锑400mg/kg。分析浓度（三种阻燃剂和四种元素）与预期浓度一致（PC盘中最大差异为-9.5%）。盘中的阻燃剂和元素分布足够均匀（PC盘中最大不均匀度为4.3%）。对制备好的塑料盘进行老化试验；在本研究条件下，盘中TBBPA的浓度显著降低（30%至40%），而元素浓度没有变化。另一方面，DP/氯和TPhP/磷等阻燃剂与元素之间的关系没有显著差异。
