Wittenberg D F, Loening W E
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Natal, Durban.
S Afr Med J. 1989 Nov 4;76(9):476-8.
More hospitalised patients with diarrhoea than patients without diarrhoea were underweight for age. In a retrospective survey of patients hospitalised more than once with either diarrhoea or bronchopneumonia, the patients with diarrhoea were found to have a greater decrease in weight for age at the time of the second admission than the patients with bronchopneumonia. The malnutrition associated with diarrhoea is due to a number of factors, including decreased intake, extra losses and malabsorption of nutrients. Patients on marginal food intakes may be unable to make up lost ground after diarrhoeal episodes and become malnourished. A brief survey of health professionals' attitudes suggested a tendency to overlook the nutritional component in the management of diarrhoea. Nutritional rehabilitation during and after episodes of diarrhoea ought to receive more emphasis in teaching and practice.
与没有腹泻的住院患者相比，因腹泻住院的患者年龄别体重偏低。在一项针对因腹泻或支气管肺炎多次住院患者的回顾性调查中，发现腹泻患者在第二次入院时年龄别体重下降幅度大于支气管肺炎患者。与腹泻相关的营养不良是由多种因素造成的，包括摄入量减少、额外损失以及营养物质吸收不良。食物摄入量处于边缘水平的患者在腹泻发作后可能无法弥补失去的体重，从而营养不良。一项对卫生专业人员态度的简要调查表明，在腹泻管理中往往忽视营养成分。腹泻发作期间及之后的营养康复在教学和实践中应得到更多重视。
