Melzer Catharina, von der Ohe Juliane, Lehnert Hendrik, Ungefroren Hendrik, Hass Ralf
Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Lab, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hannover Medical School, Medical University Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D - 30625, Hannover, Germany.
First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Mol Cancer. 2017 Feb 1;16(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s12943-017-0595-x.
The initiation and progression of malignant tumors is driven by distinct subsets of tumor-initiating or cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) which develop therapy/apoptosis resistance and self-renewal capacity. In order to be able to eradicate these CSCs with novel classes of anti-cancer therapeutics, a better understanding of their biology and clinically-relevant traits is mandatory.
Several requirements and functions of a CSC niche physiology are combined with current concepts for CSC generation such as development in a hierarchical tumor model, by stochastic processes, or via a retrodifferentiation program. Moreover, progressive adaptation of endothelial cells and recruited immune and stromal cells to the tumor site substantially contribute to generate a tumor growth-permissive environment resembling a CSC niche. Particular emphasis is put on the pivotal role of multipotent mesenchymal stroma/stem cells (MSCs) in supporting CSC development by various kinds of interaction and cell fusion to form hybrid tumor cells.
A better knowledge of CSC niche physiology may increase the chances that cancer stemness-depleting interventions ultimately result in arrest of tumor growth and metastasis.
恶性肿瘤的起始和进展由肿瘤起始细胞或癌症干细胞样细胞（CSCs）的不同亚群驱动，这些细胞具有抗治疗/抗凋亡能力和自我更新能力。为了能够用新型抗癌疗法根除这些CSCs，必须更好地了解它们的生物学特性和临床相关特征。
CSC微环境生理学的几个要求和功能与当前关于CSC产生的概念相结合，如在分层肿瘤模型中、通过随机过程或通过逆向分化程序发育。此外，内皮细胞以及募集的免疫细胞和基质细胞向肿瘤部位的渐进适应，极大地有助于形成类似于CSC微环境的肿瘤生长允许环境。特别强调了多能间充质基质/干细胞（MSCs）通过各种相互作用和细胞融合形成杂交肿瘤细胞来支持CSC发育的关键作用。
对CSC微环境生理学有更好的了解，可能会增加癌症干性消除干预最终导致肿瘤生长和转移停止的机会。
