Research Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth BH12 5BB, UK.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2016 Dec 2;38(4):731-738. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv147.
This study investigated the impact of an appearance-based compared with a traditional health-based public health message for healthy eating.
A total of 166 British University students (41 males; aged 20.6 ± 1.9 years) were randomized to view either an appearance-based ( = 82) or a health-based ( = 84) fruit promotion poster. Intentions to consume fruit and immediate fruit selection (laboratory observation) were assessed immediately after poster viewing, and subsequent self-report fruit consumption was assessed 3 days later.
Intentions to consume fruit were not predicted by poster type (largest = 0.03, = 0.68) but were associated with fruit-based liking, past consumption, attitudes and social norms (smallest = 0.16, = 0.04). Immediate fruit selection was greater following the appearance-based compared with the health-based poster ( = −0.24, < 0.01), and this effect remained when controlling for participant characteristics ( = −0.21, < 0.01). Subsequent fruit consumption was greater following the appearance-based compared with the health-based poster ( = −0.22, = 0.03), but this effect became non-significant on consideration of participant characteristics ( = −0.15, = 0.13), and was instead associated with fruit-based liking and past consumption (smallest = 0.24, = 0.03).
These findings demonstrate the clear value of an appearance-based compared with a health-based health promotion poster for increasing fruit selection. A distinction between outcome measures and the value of a behavioural measure is also demonstrated.
本研究调查了基于外观的与基于健康的公共健康信息对健康饮食的影响。
共有 166 名英国大学生（41 名男性；年龄 20.6 ± 1.9 岁）被随机分配观看基于外观的（n = 82）或基于健康的（n = 84）水果促销海报。海报观看后立即评估食用水果的意图和即时水果选择（实验室观察），并在 3 天后评估后续自我报告的水果消费。
食用水果的意图不受海报类型的预测（最大 = 0.03，p = 0.68），但与基于水果的喜好、过去的消费、态度和社会规范有关（最小 = 0.16，p = 0.04）。与基于健康的海报相比，基于外观的海报后即时水果选择更多（d = -0.24，p < 0.01），当控制参与者特征时，这种影响仍然存在（d = -0.21，p < 0.01）。与基于健康的海报相比，基于外观的海报后水果消费更多（d = -0.22，p = 0.03），但考虑到参与者特征后，这种影响变得不显著（d = -0.15，p = 0.13），而是与基于水果的喜好和过去的消费有关（最小 = 0.24，p = 0.03）。
这些发现表明，与基于健康的健康促进海报相比，基于外观的海报在增加水果选择方面具有明显的价值。还展示了结果测量和行为测量的价值之间的区别。
