Department of Environmental Engineering, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Mar;24(9):8230-8241. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-8492-9. Epub 2017 Feb 3.
The hourly SO and PM concentrations in ambient air of the Kutahya city located at the western part of Turkey have exceeded the air quality limits in winter months since several years. The region has major industrial plants including lignite-fired power plants and open-cast mining activities, residential areas, and traffic sources. To obtain and quantify the sector-wise anthropogenic emissions and spatial distribution of the major pollutants including SO, NO , PM, and CO, a comprehensive emission inventory with 1-km spatial resolution was prepared for the year of 2014, and the AERMOD dispersion model was used to predict ambient air concentrations in a domain of 140 km by 110 km. Validation of the model results was also done referring to in situ routine measurements at two monitoring stations located in the study area. Total emissions of SO, PM, NO , and CO in the study area were calculated as 64,399, 9770, 24,627, and 29,198 tons/year, respectively. The results showed that industrial plants were the largest sources of SO, NO , and PM emissions, while residential heating and road traffic were the most contributing sectors for CO emissions. Three major power plants in the region with total annual lignite consumption of 10 million tons per year were main sources of high SO concentrations, while high PM concentrations mainly originated from two major open-cast lignite mines. Major contributors of high NO and CO concentrations were traffic including highways and urban streets, and residential heating with high lignite consumption in urban areas. Results of the dispersion model run with the emission inventory resulted in partially high index of agreement (0.75) with SO measured in the urban station within the modeled area.
位于土耳其西部的 Kutahya 市的环境空气中 SO 和 PM 的每小时浓度在过去几年中已经超过了空气质量限值，尤其是在冬季。该地区拥有包括褐煤火力发电厂和露天采矿活动、居民区和交通源在内的主要工业工厂。为了获得和量化包括 SO、NO 、PM 和 CO 在内的主要污染物的部门人为排放和空间分布，针对 2014 年，我们编制了一个具有 1 公里空间分辨率的综合排放清单，并使用 AERMOD 扩散模型预测了 140×110 公里范围内的环境空气浓度。还通过参考位于研究区域内的两个监测站的现场常规测量结果，对模型结果进行了验证。研究区域内 SO、PM、NO 和 CO 的总排放量分别计算为 64399 吨/年、9770 吨/年、24627 吨/年和 29198 吨/年。结果表明，工业工厂是 SO、NO 和 PM 排放的最大来源，而住宅供暖和道路交通是 CO 排放的最大贡献部门。该地区的三个主要发电厂每年总褐煤消耗量为 1000 万吨，是高 SO 浓度的主要来源，而高 PM 浓度主要源于两个主要的露天褐煤矿。高 NO 和 CO 浓度的主要贡献者是包括高速公路和城市街道在内的交通以及城市地区高褐煤消耗的住宅供暖。使用排放清单运行扩散模型的结果导致与模型区域内城市站测量的 SO 具有部分高一致性指数（0.75）。
