Persch Tanilene Sotero Pinto, Weimer Rodrigo Nizolli, Freitas Betânia Souza, Oliveira Guendalina Turcato
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Life Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Brazil; PPG-Zoology, Brazil.
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, School of Life Sciences, Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2017 May;174:98-109. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.01.092. Epub 2017 Jan 20.
The present study sought to assess the response of Rhamdia quelen juveniles (6-8 cm total body length) to exposure to different concentrations of three herbicides: Roundup Original (18, 36, 72, and 144 μg/L), Primoleo (2.5, 5, 10, and 15 μg/L), and Facet (1.75, 3.5, 7, and 14 μg/L). Total protein (TP), glycogen (GG), total lipids (TL), triacylglycerols (TAG), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), and activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in gills, liver, kidneys, and muscle were measured by spectrophotometry. Roundup (glyphosate) reduced the TP, GG, and TL in gills and TL in liver and kidney and increased TP in liver and increased GG in muscle. In contrast to Primoleo (atrazine), all tissues stored TAG and consumed LT, besides the gills also reduced PT. There was still an increase in GG in the kidneys and muscle. Facet (quinclorac) induced changes mainly in the liver (increased TP, TL, and TAG content) and muscle (increased GG, TL, and TAG depletion). Gill tissue exhibited TP depletion alone, and kidney tissue metabolism was unchanged. This fish species appears capable of modulating its enzymes to the point where it sustains no oxidative damage as a result of exposure to the herbicides glyphosate (possibly due to increased CAT activity), atrazine (despite no changes in SOD or CAT activity), and quinclorac (with increased lipid peroxidation, particularly in gill, kidney, and muscle tissue, despite elevated SOD activity). Although it is not considered a target species, R. quelen suffers harmful effects from interaction with these herbicides.
本研究旨在评估奎氏溪蟾鱼幼鱼（全长6 - 8厘米）对暴露于三种不同浓度除草剂的反应：农达原药（18、36、72和144微克/升）、扑草净（2.5、5、10和15微克/升）以及快杀稗（1.75、3.5、7和14微克/升）。通过分光光度法测量鳃、肝脏、肾脏和肌肉中总蛋白（TP）、糖原（GG）、总脂质（TL）、三酰甘油（TAG）、脂质过氧化（TBARS）以及抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性。农达（草甘膦）降低了鳃中的TP、GG和TL以及肝脏和肾脏中的TL，并增加了肝脏中的TP以及肌肉中的GG。与扑草净（莠去津）不同，除鳃外所有组织都储存TAG并消耗LT，鳃还降低了PT。肾脏和肌肉中的GG仍有增加。快杀稗（二氯喹啉酸）主要引起肝脏（TP、TL和TAG含量增加）和肌肉（GG、TL增加以及TAG消耗）的变化。鳃组织仅表现出TP消耗，肾脏组织代谢未改变。这种鱼类似乎能够调节其酶，以至于在暴露于除草剂草甘膦（可能由于CAT活性增加）、莠去津（尽管SOD或CAT活性无变化）和二氯喹啉酸（尽管SOD活性升高，但脂质过氧化增加，特别是在鳃、肾脏和肌肉组织中）时不会遭受氧化损伤。尽管它不被视为目标物种，但奎氏溪蟾鱼会因与这些除草剂相互作用而受到有害影响。
