Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2012 Jul;81:91-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.04.022. Epub 2012 May 18.
The occurrence of pollutants in the aquatic environment can produce severe toxic effects on non-target organisms, including fish. These sources of contamination are numerous and include herbicides, which represent a large group of toxic chemicals. Quinclorac, an herbicide widely applied in agriculture, induces oxidative stress due to free radical generation and changes in the antioxidant defense system. The aim of this study was to assess if dietary diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)₂ has a protective effect in tissues of fish species Cyprinus carpio exposed to the quinclorac herbicide. The fish were fed with either a standard or a diet containing 3.0 mg/Kg of diphenyl diselenide for 60 d. After were exposed to 1 mg/L of Facet® (quinclorac commercial formulation) for 192 h. At the end of the experimental period, parameters as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels (TBARS), protein carbonyl, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), nonprotein thiols (NPSH) and ascorbic acid in the liver, gills, brain and muscle were evaluated in Cyprinus carpio. In fish exposed to quinclorac and feeding with standard diet TBARS levels increased in liver and gills. However, SOD activity decreases in liver whereas no alterations were observed in catalase activity in this tissue. Quinclorac also decrease GST activity in liver and brain, NPSH in brain and muscle and ascorbic acid in muscle. Concerning protein carbonyl exposed to herbicide the fish did not show any alterations. The diphenyl diselenide supplemented diet reversed these effects, preventing increases in TBARS levels in liver and gills. GST activity was recovered to control values in liver. NPSH levels in brain and muscle increased remain near to control values. These results indicated that dietary diphenyl diselenide protects tissues against quinclorac induced oxidative stress ameliorating the antioxidant properties.
污染物在水生环境中的出现会对非目标生物，包括鱼类，产生严重的毒性影响。这些污染来源很多，包括除草剂，它是一大类有毒化学物质。除草剂苯氧羧酸类中的喹禾灵，由于自由基的产生和抗氧化防御系统的变化，会诱导氧化应激。本研究旨在评估膳食二苯二硒醚（PhSe）₂是否对暴露于除草剂喹禾灵的鱼类鲤鱼组织具有保护作用。鲤鱼分别用标准饲料或含 3.0mg/kg 二苯二硒醚的饲料喂养 60 天。然后用 1mg/L Facet®（喹禾灵商品制剂）暴露 192 小时。在实验期末，评估鲤鱼肝脏、鳃、脑和肌肉中的丙二醛（TBARS）水平、蛋白质羰基、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）、非蛋白巯基（NPSH）和抗坏血酸等参数。在暴露于喹禾灵并以标准饮食喂养的鱼中，肝脏和鳃中的 TBARS 水平增加。然而，CAT 活性在肝脏中降低，而在该组织中未观察到 CAT 活性的改变。喹禾灵还降低了肝脏和大脑中的 GST 活性、大脑和肌肉中的 NPSH 以及肌肉中的抗坏血酸。关于暴露于除草剂的蛋白质羰基，鱼没有显示出任何变化。补充二苯二硒醚的饮食逆转了这些影响，防止了肝脏和鳃中 TBARS 水平的增加。肝脏中的 GST 活性恢复到对照值。大脑和肌肉中的 NPSH 水平升高，接近对照值。这些结果表明，膳食二苯二硒醚通过改善抗氧化特性来保护组织免受喹禾灵诱导的氧化应激。
