Soil and Water Quality Laboratory, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 14625 CR 672, Wimauma, FL 33598, USA.
Soil and Water Quality Laboratory, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 14625 CR 672, Wimauma, FL 33598, USA.
Water Res. 2017 Apr 1;112:176-184. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.01.039. Epub 2017 Jan 25.
Nutrients export from residential catchments contributes to water quality impairment in urban water bodies. We investigated the concentrations, transport mechanisms, and sources of nitrate-nitrogen (NO-N) and orthophosphate-phosphorus (PO-P) in urban stormwater runoff generated in residential catchments in Tampa Bay, Florida, United States. Street runoff samples, collected over 21 storm events, were supplemented with rainfall and roof runoff samples from six representative residential catchments. Samples were analyzed for N and P forms, N and oxygen (O) isotopes of nitrate (δO-NO and δN-NO), and δO and hydrogen (δD) isotopes of water (HO). We found that the main NO-N source in street runoff was atmospheric deposition (range: 35-64%), followed by chemical N fertilizers (range: 1-39%), and soil and organic N (range: 7-33%), whereas PO-P in the street runoff likely originated from erosion of soil particles and mineralization from organic materials (leaves, grass clippings). The variability in the sources and concentrations of NO-N and PO-P across catchments is attributed to different development designs and patterns, use of various fill materials during land development, and landscaping practices. This data can be useful to develop strategies to offset the impacts of urban development (e.g., designs and patterns resulting in variable impervious areas) and management (e.g., fertilizer use, landscaping practices) on NO-N and PO-P transport in urban residential catchments.
居民集水区的营养物质输出导致城市水体水质受损。我们研究了美国佛罗里达州坦帕湾居民集水区产生的城市雨水径流中硝酸盐氮（NO-N）和正磷酸盐磷（PO-P）的浓度、迁移机制和来源。对 21 次风暴事件收集的街道径流样本进行了补充，补充了来自六个代表性居民集水区的降雨和屋顶径流样本。对样本进行了 N 和 P 形态、硝酸盐的氧（O）同位素（δO-NO 和 δN-NO）以及水的氢（H）同位素（δD）分析。我们发现，街道径流中的主要 NO-N 来源是大气沉降（范围：35-64%），其次是化学 N 肥料（范围：1-39%）和土壤和有机 N（范围：7-33%），而街道径流中的 PO-P 可能来自土壤颗粒的侵蚀和有机物质（叶子、草屑）的矿化。NO-N 和 PO-P 的来源和浓度在集水区之间的变化归因于不同的开发设计和模式、土地开发过程中使用的各种填充材料以及景观美化实践。这些数据对于制定策略以抵消城市发展（例如，导致可变不透水面积的设计和模式）和管理（例如，肥料使用、景观美化实践）对城市居民集水区中 NO-N 和 PO-P 迁移的影响非常有用。
